ماموریت هیدرولیکی و ارتباط آن با توسعه منابع آب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی آب/ گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران.

2 استاد / گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران.

3 پژوهشگر دیپلماسی/ سیاستگذاری و حکمرانی آب، مرکز بررسی‌های استراتژیک ریاست جمهوری.

چکیده

بیش از نیم قرن است که توسعه منابع آب با هدف دستیابی به رفاه اجتماعی در ایران دنبال می‌شود. سدها و شبکه‌های آبیاری و زهکشی پایین دست این سازه‌ها مهم‌ترین نمادهای این تفکر و رویکرد به توسعه بوده و هستند. سیاست توسعه‌ای ماموریت هیدرولیکی، رویکردی به توسعه است که ایجاد زیرساخت‌های هیدرولیکی توسط دولت‌ها را پیشنهاد می‌کند. این سیاست توسعه‌ منابع آب برخاسته از ایده هر قطره آب که از خشکی‌ها به دریا سرازیر می‌شود، هدر‌رفت آب است در نیمه دوم قرن نوزدهم میلادی مصادف با نیمه دوم قرن سیزدهم شمسی متولد شد. در ایران، توسعه سازه‌های هیدرولیکی از طریق قوانین و برنامه‌های پنج ساله توسعه، دیکته و توسط دولت انجام می‌شود. در این پژوهش با انجام یک مطالعه تطبیقی، روند تاریخی توسعه منابع آب و رویکرد به توسعه منابع آب در ایران با ماموریت هیدرولیکی مقایسه و نتیجه گرفته شد که توسعه منابع آب ایران بر مبنای ماموریت هیدرولیکی پایه‌گذاری شده است. در این پژوهش، شبکه‌های آبیاری به عنوان یکی از نمادهای توسعه منابع آب مورد توجه قرار گرفته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydraulic Mission and its Relation to Iran’s Water Resources Development

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Bakhtiyari 1
  • Ebrahim Amiri Tokaldany 2
  • Mehdi Fasihi Harandi 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Water Engineering, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

For over half a century, Iran’s modes of development has been based on several five-year Development Plans. The water resources development plans have been the center or one of the main drivers of the development plans aiming to achieve the Iranian society at a higher level of welfare. Dams and irrigation and drainage networks are the legendary elements of the development plans, which are based on a way of thinking and approach to development that is being inspired by the idea of Hydraulic Mission. An ethos that believes every single drop of water flows to the sea is wasted. This paper elaborates on a comparative study of the historical trends of the water resources development. By using the comparative study, it is concluded that Iran's water resources development mode is unique, and basically is based on the Hydraulic Mission. Irrigation networks are considered as the case study of the water resources development mode.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydraulic Mission
  • Water Resources Development
  • Irrigation Network Development
  • Water Governance
  • Water Resources Management
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