ارزیابی کیفی شبکه جمع‌آوری آب‌های سطحی در شرایط خشک و تر، مطالعه موردی: حوضه غرب تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران- مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیطزیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس منابع آب، شرکت مهندسی مهاب قدس، تهران، ایران.

3 دکتری مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از مسائل مهم در مدیریت سیستم‌های جمع‌آوری فاضلاب‌ شهری، نحوه مواجهه با شرایط بارانی است که در آن حجم فاضلاب در بازه‌های خاص زمانی به طور یکباره افزایش یافته و دبی شبکه از حالت نرمال خارج می‌شود. بروز این شرایط می‌تواند باعث وارد آمدن خسارت به شبکه، کاهش عملکرد آن و تخلیه فاضلاب به معابر و ساختمان‌ها گردد. در بسیاری از شبکه‌های جمع‌آوری فاضلاب شهری در جهان، در چنین شرایطی، تخلیه فاضلاب به مجاری اصلی آب‌های سطحی انجام می‌شود و کیفیت آن‌ها را به طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای کاهش می‌دهد. در این مطالعه، به مدلسازی کیفی آب‌های سطحی در شرایط پایه و بارانی در حوضه غرب تهران پرداخته شده است. جهت شبیه‌سازی کیفی آبراهه‌ها، از نرم‌افزار SWMM استفاده شد. مدلسازی کیفی برای متغیرهای کیفی BOD، TDS و TC و برای دو سناریو جریان مواقع بارانی و غیربارانی انجام گردید. با توجه به بحرانی بودن شرایط DO در شرایط غیر بارانی و خشک، حداکثر بار مجاز قابل تخلیه به شبکه جمع آوری آب سطحی به گونه‌ای تعیین گردید تا میزان DO در سطح استاندارد باقی بماند و منجر به شرایط بی‌هوازی و تولید بوی نامطبوع نشود. نتایج نشان داد در شرایط بارانی TDS و BOD به مقدار قابل توجهی افزایش یافته و از استاندارد کشاورزی عدول می‌کند. همچنین نتیجه گرفته شد با کاهش BOD تا 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر می‌توان وضعیت DO را بهبود بخشید تا شرایط بی‌هوازی ایجاد نشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Quality of Surface Water Collection Network in Wet and Dry Conditions, Case Study: West Watershed of Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Moridi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Bagheri 2
  • Amin Zeynolabedin 3
  • Arash Nabi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Water Resources Engineer, Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in water resources engineering and management, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 M.Sc. Student in Water and Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the important issues in the management of municipal wastewater collection systems is how they deal with rainy conditions where the network discharge suddenly increases at certain intervals. The occurrence of such condition can cause damage to the network, reduce its performance and discharge sewage to the subsurface. In many urban wastewater collection networks sewage would be discharged to the main urban stormwater canals to overcome the situation which significantly reduce the quality of flow in those canals. In this study, the quality in stormwater collection network is modeled in the west watershed of Tehran in dry and rainy conditions. The SWMM software is used to simulate the quality of waterways. Qualitative modeling is performed for BOD, TDS, and TC variables for two scenarios of rainy and dry conditions. Due to the critical condition of DO in dry conditions, the maximum allowable load discharged to the urban stormwater collection network is determined so that the DO level remains at the standard level. This is important to prevent anaerobic condition which causes unpleasant odors. The results showed that in rainy conditions, TDS and BOD increased significantly and over the irrigation water standards. This is critical since the output of storm water network is being used for irrigation in the south western plains. It was also concluded that by reducing BOD to 50 mg/L, the DO status can be improved to avoid anaerobic conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Surface water quality modeling
  • SWMM
  • dry and wet conditions
  • maximum allowable discharge load
  • water quality variables

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 شهریور 1400

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