مدل هارگریوز- سامانی تعدیل یافته بر مبنای ارتفاع در مناطق مرتفع ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنرکرمان، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنرکرمان، کرمان، ایران.

3 استادیار، بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

سازمان غذا و کشاورزی (FAO)، مدل پنمن- مانتیث فائو 56 را به عنوان یک روش استاندارد در برآورد تبخیرتعرق مرجع (ETo) پیشنهاد کرده است. با این حال در مناطق مرتفع اغلب به دلیل کمبود ایستگاه­‌های هواشناسی، مشکلات دیدبانی و ناقص بودن داده‌­های هواشناسی لازم، استفاده از این مدل با عدم قطعیت مواجه است. بنابراین، در این مناطق باید از مدل­‌هایی استفاده شود که به متغیرهای هواشناسی کمتری نیاز داشته باشند و همچنین بتوان آنها را به عنوان تابعی از ارتفاع درنظر گرفت. از این رو در تحقیق حاضر از داده­‌های 28 ایستگاه سینوپتیک ایران با ارتفاع بیش از 2000 متر از سطح دریا در بازه زمانی سال­های 2019-1989 برای تعدیل مدل هارگریوز- سامانی بر اساس ارتفاع و تصحیح ضرایب عامل دما استفاده شد. مقایسه نتایج حاصل از مدل پنمن- مانتیث فائو 56 به عنوان روش استاندارد و مدل‌های هارگریوز- سامانی اصلی و هارگریوز- سامانی تعدیل‎‌یافته نشان داد که مدل تعدیل‌‎یافته بر اساس ارتفاع، نتایج بهتری نسبت به مدل اصلی ارائه می‌­دهد و قادر است تبخیر-تعرق مرجع در مناطق مرتفع ایران را با دقت مناسب‌­تری برآورد کند. بیش‌ترین نزدیکی در تخمین تبخیرتعرق با مدل هارگریوز- سامانی تعدیل‎‌یافته و مدل پنمن- مانتیث فائو 56 بر اساس نتایج شاخص‌­های آماری MBE، MAE، RMSE، PVC، LVC، d، r و PI در ایستگاه­‎‌های فیروزکوه، بافت، بلده، سی­‌سخت، آوج، خوانسار، آبعلی، داران، فریدون‌شهر، بروجن، سمیرم، الیگودرز، فرخ‌­شهر، دماوند، سپیدان و سامان مشاهده شد که نسبت به مقادیر حاصل از مدل هارگریوز- سامانی اصلی به طور میانگین 14 درصد کاهش خطا داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modified Hargreaves-Samani Model Based on Altitude in the High-Altitude Regions of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Jalali 1
  • Bahram Bakhtiari 2
  • Kourosh Qaderi 2
  • Soudabeh Golestani Kermani 3
1 - M.Sc. of Water Resources Engineering, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has proposed the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith model as a standard method for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, using this model for the high-altitude regions mostly faces uncertainty due to the lack of meteorological stations, observation problems, and incomplete meteorological data. Therefore, in these regions models should be used that require fewer meteorological variables and can also be considered as a function of altitude. In the present study, the data from 28 synoptic stations in Iran with an altitude of more than 2000 meters above sea level in the period of 1989-2019 were used to modify the Hargreaves-Samani model based on the altitude and also correct the temperature factor coefficients. The comparison of the results of the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith model as a standard method, the original Hargreaves-Samani, and the modified Hargreaves-Samani models showed that the modified model offers better results than the original model and is able to estimate the ETo more accurately in the high-altitude regions of Iran. Based on the results of MBE, MAE, RMSE, PVC, LVC, d, r, and PI statistical indices, the highest agreement in estimating ETo with modified Hargreaves-Samani and FAO 56 Penman-Monteith models was observed at Firuzkuh, Baft, Baladeh, Sisakht, Avaj, Khansar, Abali, Daran, Fereidunshahr, Borujen, Samirom, Aligudarz, Farokhshahr, Damavand, Sepidan and Saman stations, which had an average error reduction of 14% compared to the values obtained from the original Hargreaves-Samani model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Altitude Function
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Correction Coefficients
  • Hargreaves-Samani
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