پایش فرونشست زمین با تحلیل سری زمانی پراکنش گرهای دائمی و تغییرات تراز آب زیرزمینی؛ (مطالعه موردی دشت سراب)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران ، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه، فرونشست زمین پدیده‌­ای شایع در بسیاری از مناطق جهان است که آثار مخربی بر روی شبکه‌­های حمل و نقل، تأسیسات و سازه‌ها دارد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی وضعیت فرونشست دشت سراب و ارتباط آن با تغییرات تراز آب زیرزمینی می‌­باشد. دشت سراب از دشت­‌های دارای خطر بالای فرونشست استان آذربایجان ­شرقی معرفی شده است، با این‌­حال تاکنون مطالعه‌­ای برای بررسی ارتباط سطح ایستابی با فرونشست زمین بر اساس نقشه‌­های نرخ جابه‌­جایی زمین انجام نشده است. در این مقاله ابتدا به منظور افزایش دقت در تعیین جابه‌­جایی­‌ها، روش تحلیل سری زمانی پراکنش­گرهای دائمی و 36 تصویر Sentinel-1A در بازه 2017 تا 2020 استفاده شد و بیشینه نرخ فرونشست حدود 45- میلی­متر در سال در راستای قائم به دست آمد. بخش‌­های دارای بیشینه فرونشست دشت نیز مشخص شد. با استفاده از داده­‌های سری زمانی چاه‌­های­ پیزومتری در فاصله سال­های 1383 تا 1398، مشخص شد در مناطق دارای فرونشست زیاد، کاهش چند متری سطح ایستابی وجود داشته، در حالی­که در مناطق فاقد فرونشست، تغییرات سطح ایستابی به شکل سینوسی بوده است. همچنین، با تهیه نقشه هم‌­افت سطح ایستابی در بازه زمانی سه ساله، همبستگی بین سطح ایستابی (متغیر مستقل) و جابه­‌جایی سطح زمین (متغیر وابسته) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. وجود معادله خط رگرسیون نشان داد، رابطه آماری بین سطح ایستابی و جابه­‌جایی­‌های سطح زمین معنی‌­دار است و رابطه مستقیم بین دو متغیر وجود دارد. بنابراین پایش مستمر میزان ذخایر آب‌­های زیرزمینی و کنترل برداشت­ آب، نقش مؤثری در پیشگیری از خطرات پدیده فرونشست خواهد داشت که لازم است در دستور کار قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Monitoring Land Subsidence using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Time Series Analysis and Groundwater Level Variations: (Case Study: Sarab Plain)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mansoureh Sadrykia
Assisstant Professor,Department of Geomatics Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Land subsidence is nowadays a usual phenomenon in the world. It can cause significant damages to transportation networks, facilities and structures. This study aims to monitor land subsidence in Sarab plain and its relation with groundwater level variations. Sarab Plain is one of the plains in East Azerbaijan province with high vulnerability to land subsidence. However, no study has been reported in the plain on investigating the relationship between groundwater level variations and land subsidence based on velocity maps. In this paper, in order to increase the accuracy of determining land subsidence, Persistent Scatterer time series analysis is applied using 36 Sentinel-1A datasets from 2017 to 2020. The maximum subsidence rate of about -45 mm/year in the vertical direction was obtained and the areas with the prevalence of subsidence were determined. Using the time series data of pizometric wells in the period of 2004 to 2020, it was determined that in areas with high land subsidence, there was a decline of several meters in groundwater level, while in areas without land subsidence, changes of groundwater level was in sinusoidal form. Also, with the preparation of water table equilibrium map in the three-year period, the correlation between groundwater level (independent variable) and ground surface displacement (dependent variables) was studied. According to the regression line equation, the statistical relationship was significant and direct relationship between the variables was confirmed. Therefore, regular monitoring of ground water storage and exploitation needs to be on the agenda for an effective mitigation of 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land Subsidence
  • Radar Interferometry
  • Persistent Scatterer
  • Groundwater Level
  • Correlation
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