پهنه بندی آستانه کمبود بارش بر اساس آنتروپی شانون در حوضه آبریز کرخه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده عمران و معماری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.

2 استاد گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و معماری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز.

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و معماری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

انتروپی یک پیشامد، مشخصه‌ای از توزیع احتمال آن است که میانگین یکنواختی رخداد آن پیشامد را نشان می‌دهد. در مطالعات آب و هواشناسی از این تئوری استفاده می‌شود. در این تحقیق یکنواختی کمبود بارش با استناد به مفهوم انتروپی شانون و بصورت 12 ماهه متحرک در حوضه آبریز کرخه در ایران بررسی می‌شود. عدد انتروپی کمبود بارش بعنوان شاخص انتروپی کمبود بارش معرفی شده و وجود خشکسالی با توجه به متوسط انتروپی کمبود بارش در سال‌های 1950-2018 تعیین می‌شود. ارزیابی این روش در مقایسه با شاخص بارش- تبخیر و تعرق استاندارد (SPEI)، برای حوضه آبریز کرخه در جنوب غربی ایران و در الگوهای مکانی-زمانی انجام می‌شود. نتایج ارزیابی مکانی و زمانی بیانگر شباهت شاخص انتروپی با شاخص SPEI در مقیاس زمانی بلند مدت در سطح حوضه است. در مناطق با متوسط بارش بیشتر، حساسیت انتروپی به یکنواختی بارش است و با کاهش یکنواختی بارش که یکی از عوامل خشکسالی است، انتروپی کاهش می یابد. در مناطق با متوسط بارش کمتر، حساسیت انتروپی به حجم بارش‌هاست و با کاهش حجم بارش‌ها انتروپی کاهش می‌یابد. متوسط دراز مدت انتروپی کمبود بارش آستانه شروع خشکسالی را به خوبی نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Precipitation Deficit Threshold Zoning Based on Shannon Entropy in Karkheh Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Saki Malehi 1
  • Hamidreza Ghafouri 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Ashrafi 3
1 Ph.D. Student in Engineering and Water Resources Management, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Professor of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The entropy of an event is a characteristic of the probability distribution that shows the average uniformity of the occurrence of that event. This theory is used in meteorological studies. In this study, the uniformity of precipitation deficiency is investigated by referring to the concept of Shannon entropy and as a dynamic 12-month in Karkheh basin in southwestern Iran. Precipitation entropy number is introduced as a drought index and the existence of drought is determined according to the average precipitation entropy in the years 1950-2018. This method is evaluated in comparison with standard precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) for Karkheh basin in spatio-temporal patterns. The results of spatiotemporal evaluation indicated the similarity of the Entropy indicator at the basin on a long-term time scale SPEI. In areas with higher average precipitation, the entropy was sensitive to precipitation uniformity, and with decreasing precipitation uniformity, which is one of the causes of drought, the entropy decreased. In areas with lower average precipitation, the entropy sensitivity was to the volume of precipitation and with decreasing precipitation, the entropy decreased. The long-term mean entropy of the lack of precipitation perfectly indicated the threshold of the drought.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Shannon Entropy
  • Drought Zonation
  • Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
  • Lack of Precipitation
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