شبیه سازی و ارزیابی راهکارهای مدیریتی برای کاهش مواد مغذی ورودی به دریاچه زریبار با استفاده از مدل SWAT

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد/ مهندسی منابع آب . دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استادیار/گروه مهندسی منابع آب.دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار /گروه مهندسی محیط زیست. دانشکده محیط زیست.دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر پدیده تغذیه‌گرایی به یکی از چالش‌های جدی در بسیاری از پیکره‌های آبی، بویژه دریاچه‌ها و مخازن سدها تبدیل شده است. دریاچه زریبار از جمله دریاچه‌های آب شیرین در کشور است که با مساله شدید تغذیه‌گرایی مواجه می‌باشد. هدف از این پژوهش، دستیابی به راهکار مدیریتی مناسب برای ارتقای سطح کیفی این دریاچه با در نظر گرفتن یک رویکرد شبیه سازی جامع است. بدین منظور، از مدل SWAT به عنوان مدل شبیه‌ساز سیستم منابع آبی و کشاورزی حوضه آبریز دریاچه و همچنین اندرکنش آن با تغییرات کمی و کیفی آب دریاچه استفاده شده است. در این مطالعه، تاثیر بکارگیری انواع راهکارهای مدیریتی (BMPs) در مناطق بحرانی از منظر نحوه اثرگذاری آن‌ها در بهبود شرایط کیفی دریاچه، عملکرد محصولات کشاورزی منطقه و همچنین کاهش هزینه‌های اقتصادی اجرای آن ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و در نهایت با روش تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره TOPSIS راهکارهای بهینه انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که از بین انواع راهکارهای مدیریت مزرعه و اجرایی اعمال شده، فیلتراسیون گیاهی، کنترل انتشار بار آلودگی در بالادست (کانال قزلچه‌سو) و کاهش مصرف کود حداکثر تا 25% به ترتیب بعنوان بهترین گزینه‌های مدیریتی در سطح حوضه می باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation and Assessment of management practices for reduction of nutrients discharge to the Zrebar Lake using SWAT model

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Imani Amirabad 1
  • M. Delavar 2
  • M.H Niksokhan 3
1 Department of Water Resources Engineering, Tarbiat ModaresUniversity,Tehran,Iran.
2 Department of Water Resources Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, eutrophication is one of the main challenges in many water bodies, especially lakes and reservoirs. Zrebar Lake as a freshwater lakes in the country that is facing severe eutrophication problem. The main goal of this study is to find solutions to enhance the water quality using integrated simulation approach. For this purpose, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used as a water resources and agricultural systems simulation model As well as interaction of lake Basin with the changes in lake water quality and quantity. In this study, the impact of the various management practices (BPMs) in critical areas in terms of how to influence them in improving water quality, yield crops and economic costs of their implementation were evaluated and finally the optimal solutions were selected using TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making method. The results showed that, the filter strip, pollution control emissions in upstream (Qezelchesoo channel) and reduce fertilizer consumption up to 25%, respectively are the best management options in the basin.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eutrophication
  • SWAT model
  • Management Practices
  • Multi-criteria decision making
  • Zrebar Lake
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