ارزیابی مدل‌های رقومی ارتفاعی مبتنی بر سنجش از دور جهت کاربرد در مدلسازی هیدرولیکی سیلاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه امام خمینی

چکیده

عدم دسترسی به نقشه‌های زمینی با دقت بالا بویژه در حوضه‌های فاقد آمار، بسیاری از پروژه‌های مرتبط با مبحث سیلاب و هیدرولیک جریان را با چالشی اساسی روبرو می‌نماید. نقطه مقابل نقشه‌های زمینی، DEMهای مبتنی بر سنجش از دور قرار دارند که به علت یکنواختی داده‌ها و دسترسی رایگان به آنها در سالهای اخیر مورد توجه بسیاری از محققین در مطالعات مختلف به ویژه مدلسازی هیدرولیکی سیلاب قرار گرفته‌اند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی کفایت این منابع ارتفاعی جهت کاربرد در مدلسازی هیدرولیکی سیلاب به انجام رسیده است. نتایج حاصل از کاربرد منابع ارتفاعی مختلف در دو رودخانه سرباز و سجاس‌رود حاکی از آن است که DEMهای 30 متری ALOS نسبت به منابع دیگر، از قابلیت به مراتب بالاتری جهت ساخت مدل هندسی و متعاقب آن مدلسازی هیدرولیکی سیلاب برخوردار می‌باشند. به عنوان مثال، متوسط خطای نسبی ناشی از کاربرد این منبع در تخمین پهنه سیلاب دو رودخانه سرباز و سجاس‌رود به ترتیب کمتر از 13 و 9 درصد می‌باشد. بر خلاف این منبع، نتایج حاصل از کاربرد DEMهای ASTER در هیچکدام از رودخانه‌های مزبور چندان رضایت بخش نبوده به طوریکه متوسط خطا در برآورد پهنه سیلاب با استفاده از این منبع بیش از 38% می‌باشد. در یک جمع‌بندی کلی می‌توان چنین عنوان نمود که DEMهای ALOS و ASTER به ترتیب بهترین و بدترین منبع ارتفاعی برای ساخت مدل هندسی و متعاقب آن مدلسازی هیدرولیکی سیلاب می‌باشند و لذا در حوضه‌های فاقد آمار استفاده از DEMهای 30 متری ALOS به ویژه در مطالعات فاز یک می‌تواند بسیار گره‌گشا باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Application of Remote-Sensing Based DEMs in Hydraulic Simulation of Flood

نویسنده [English]

  • Asghar Azizian
Assistant Professor in Water Engineering Dept./ Imam Khomeini International University
چکیده [English]

Digital elevation models (DEMs) are one the most important inputs of hydraulic and hydrological models. Due to lack of ground high resolution maps, especially in data sparse regions, hydraulic modeling is a daunting and more challenging task. In recent years, remote-sensing based DEMs due to ease of access and being free of charge are extensively used in several studies particularly hydraulic modeling. One of the most important questions on application of hydraulic models is the efficiency of these DEMs in flood simulation. On this basis, this research focused on application of remote-sensing based DEMs on the performance of HEC-RAS-1D model in two different rivers. The results show that the accuracy of ALOS-30m DEMs in deriving geometric model and subsequently flood simulation is higher and considerable than other DEM sources. For example, the average relative error (RE) of using this dataset in simulating inundated extents in Sarbaz and SojasRood rivers is lower than 13 and 9 %, respectively. In contrast, the results of ASTER-30m DEMs in both rivers is not satisfactory and the average RE of inundated extents is more than 38%. As an overall conclusion, one can deduce that ALOS and ASTER DEMs are the best and the worst datasets for creating geometric model and flood simulation. Hence, in data sparse areas or underfunding projects, using ALOS-30m DEMs especially in early Designs can be useful and beneficial.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
  • Remote Sensing
  • Inundated Extent and Hydraulic Modeling
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