ارزیابی و مقایسه روش‌های مختلف برآورد تبخیرو تعرق مرجع بر اساس روش‌های انتقال جرم در ایران و پهنه‌بندی آن با استفاده ازGIS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه رازی

2 گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر سعی در ارزیابی و پهنه بندی تبخیر و تعرق گیاه مرجع (ETo) بر اساس روش های مبنی بر انتقال جرم در اقلیم های مختلف ایران و همچنین ارائه آن در قالب نقشه های پهنه بندی به عنوان ابزاری اساسی برای مدیریت آب دارد. برای این منظور، از میانگین های دراز مدت متغیرهای اقلیمی 150 ایستگاه سینوپتیک کشور ایران در طی دوره آماری 15 ساله (1990 تا 2013) استفاده شد. تبخیر- تعرق گیاه مرجع بر مبنای اطلاعات اقلیمی هریک از ایستگاه ها و با استفاده از روش های مبنی بر انتقال جرم شامل دالتون، ترابرت ، مییر، روهور، پنمن، آلبرت، روماننکو، بروکمپ و ونر، سازمان جهانی هواشناسی و ماهرینگر، محاسبه شدند. مناسب ترین و نامناسب ترین روش های محاسباتی در هر اقلیم از بین روشهای ذکر شده، در مقایسه با معادله فائو – پنمن – مانتیث به عنوان روش مرجع، انتخاب گردیدند. بر اساس محاسبات و تجزیه و تحلیل های آماری بعمل آمده برای اقلیم های خشک روش های سازمان جهانی هواشناسی و آلبرت، نیمه خشک روش های مییر و روماننکو، مدیترانه ای روش های سازمان جهانی هواشناسی و آلبرت، نیمه مرطوب و مرطوب روش های روهور و روماننکوو بسیار مرطوب روش های بروکمپ وونر و پنمن، به ترتیب به عنوان مناسب ترین و نامناسب ترین روش ها انتخاب شدند. ضمنا نتایج لیسیمتری بدست آمده انتخاب روشهای پیشنهادی در اقلیم نیمه خشک را تایید کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and Comparison of Different Methods of Reference Evapotrantranspiration Based on Mass Transmission Methods in Iran and its Zoning by Using GIS

نویسنده [English]

  • Zahra Niazi 2
2 Water Resources Dept, Razi University
چکیده [English]

The present study aims to evaluate and zonate the evapotranspiration based on mass transfer methods in different climates of Iran and also to present it in the form of zoning maps as a basic tool for water management. For this purpose, the long-term mean of climate variables of 150 synoptic stations in Iran country during the 15-years of statistical period (1990 to 2013) were used. Dumarton method was used for climate selection in different parts of country. The results of the study showed that dry, semi-arid, Mediterranean, semi-humid, moist, and very humid climates were 75.7, 21, 0.8, 0.6, 0.8 and 1% of the country's land area. Evapotranspiration of the reference plant was calculated based on the climatic information of each station using the methods of mass transfer including Dalton, Trabert, Meyer, Rohwer, Penman, Albercht, Romanenko, Brockamp and Wenner, World Meteorological Organization and Mahringer. The most appropriate and inappropriate computational methods in each climate were selected among the methods mentioned above, compared to the FAO-Penman-Monteith equation as a reference method. Based on the calculations and statistical analyzes conducted for dry climates by the World Meteorological Organization and Alberta, the semi-dry methods of the Meyer and Romanenko, Mediterranean methods of the World Meteorological Organization and Albert, the semi-wet and wet methods of Rohwer and Romanenko methods the very humid methods of Brockamp and Wenner and Penman were chosen as the most appropriate and inappropriate methods respectively. Meanwhile, the resulting of lysimetric data confirmed the selection of suggested methods in a semi-arid climate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • evapotranspiration
  • Mass Transfer
  • Lysimeter
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