ارزیابی اثر بخشی بهبود بهره برداری از منابع آب سطحی در کاهش برداشت آب از آبخوان (مطالعه موردی: شبکه آبیاری قزوین)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سازه های آبی، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 گروه آبیاری و زهکشی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشگاه تهران - پردیس ابوریحان

4 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

این تحقیق به بررسی میزان تاثیر‌گذاری ارتقا مدیریت بهره‌برداری شبکه‌های آبیاری بر کاهش برداشت آب از آبخوان، کاهش مصرف انرژی و کاهش تولید گاز دی‌اکسید‌کربن پرداخته است. برای این منظور سامانه کنترل غیر‌متمرکز تناسبی‌-‌انتگرالی و سامانه کنترل خودکار متمرکز پیش‌بین، طراحی و تحت سناریو‌های بهره‌برداری نرمال و شدید (کم آبی) کانال اصلی شبکه آبیاری قزوین مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. نتایج برای سناریوی اول نشان داد که میزان بهبود شاخص کفایت با ارتقا بهره‌برداری به سامانه‌های کنترل خودکار غیرمتمرکز برابر 13 درصد و برای سامانه کنترل خودکار متمرکز 28 درصد به‌دست آمد. برهمین اساس میزان کاهش برداشت از آبخوان پس از ارتقا به سامانه-های کنترل خودکار 3/26 درصد، میزان کاهش مصرف انرژی برابر 7/22 درصد و میزان کاهش تولید گازهای گلخانه‌ای نیز برابر 1/24 درصد حاصل شد. نتایج حاصل از سناریوی کم‌آبی حاکی از آن است که میزان بهبود شاخص کفایت با ارتقا بهره‌برداری به سامانه‌های کنترل خودکار غیرمتمرکز برابر 70 درصد و برای سامانه کنترل خودکار متمرکز 77 درصد به‌دست آمد. براین اساس میزان کاهش برداشت از آبخوان برای دو روش مذکور به‌ترتیب 3/28 و 4/63 درصد، میزان کاهش مصرف انرژی به ترتیب برابر 3/21 و 6/71 درصد و میزان کاهش تولید گازهای گلخانه‌ای نیز به‌ترتیب برابر 4/23 و 1/70 درصد حاصل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Improving Operational approaches to the Surface Water Resources on Groundwater Extraction Reduction within the Irrigation Districts; case study of Qazvin Irrigation District)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Hosseini Jolfan 1
  • S. Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany 2
  • Saman Javadi 3
  • Mohammad Ebrahim Banihabib 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Hydraulic Structure, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran
3 University of Tehran, College of aburaihan
4 Associate professor, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of upgrading the water distribution and delivery systems within the main irrigation canals, on reducing the water pumping from the aquifer. Consequently, the energy consumption reduction and carbon emission reduction is investigated. To achieve this goal, a set of two practical canal automation alternatives, including a decentralized automatic system and centralized control system are designed and tested under the normal and severe (drought) scenarios of the main canal of Qazvin irrigation network. The results for the first scenario showed that the adequacy indicators are increased 13% and 28% respectively with employing the decentralized automated control systems and the centralized one. Accordingly, the reduction in extracting groundwater is declined about 26.6% and inconsequent the energy preservation due to pumping decrease is equal to 7.27% and the greenhouse gas reduction rate is obtained 24.1%. The results of the second scenario, representing the water shortage conditions, indicate that the improvement of the adequacy index by upgrading the operating system to decentralized systems is obtained 70% and for the centralized automated system is obtained 77%. Accordingly, the reduction in abstracting groundwater from the aquifer for the proposed automation methods are 28.3% and 63.4% respectively. Moreover, the reduction of energy consumption is 21.3% and 71.6%, respectively and the greenhouse gas emission reduction was equal to 23.4 and 70.1 %, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Operation of main canal
  • aquifer
  • Proportional-Integral controller
  • System Predictive Control
  • Energy Saving
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