چالش‌ها و ملاحظات حقوق بازار آب محلی، مطالعه موردی: دشت اصفهان-برخوار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار/ دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران،

2 کاندیدای دریافت دکتری/ دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران،

3 دکتری / ژئومورفولوژی . مدیر دفتر برنامه‌ریزی و بررسی‌های اقتصادی شرکت آب منطقه‌ای اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

یکی از شرایط لازم برای تشکیل و استمرار بازار آب کارا، فراهم نمودن بسترهای قانونی مناسب برای نظارت دقیق بر فرآیند مبادلات و حل مشکلات احتمالی است. روح حاکم بر ساختار حقوقی آب کشور، مشوق و حمایت‌کننده تشکیل بازار آب است. با این حال برخی از مستندات قانونی هم‌چون مواد 27 و 28 قانون توزیع عادلانه آب وجود دارند که روند مبادله آب را محدود کرده‌اند. هر چند که دستورالعمل نحوه اجرای این مواد قانونی توسط وزارت نیرو اصلاح گردیده اما هم‌چنان ابهاماتی در استفاده از این دستور‌العمل در شرایط بازار آب وجود دارد. به‌همین منظور در این مقاله ابتدا با مطالعه و بررسی قوانین مرتبط با نظام حقوقی آب کشور ضمن شناسایی قوانین مشوق و بازدارنده بازار آب، برخی از چالش‌های حقوقی مبادله آب ارائه شده است. در ادامه با بررسی وضعیت مبادلات موجود در محدوده پایلوت دشت برخوار، چالش‌ها و ملاحظاتی که برای موفقیت این بازار وجود دارد، مشخص شده است. براساس بازدیدهای میدانی صورت گرفته در منطقه، عموماً مبادلات بین‌بخشی مورد توجه است. به‌طوری که صنایع وابسته به بخش کشاورزی و صنایع ساختمانی به‌صورت بالقوه و بالفعل، تمایل به خرید آب از چاه‌های کشاورزی دارند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که برای تشکیل بازار آب کارآمد لازم است با تقویت قوانین تشویقی و اصلاح قوانین بازدارنده، مواردی هم‌چون صدور سند جداگانه و مستقل از زمین برای برداشت‌ها، اصلاح و تعدیل پروانه‌های بهره‌برداری، تجهیز چاه‌های منطقه به کنتورهای هوشمند و ایجاد تشکل‌های آب‌بران زیرزمینی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Challenges and Considerations of Regional Water Market Rights, A Case Study: Isfahan-Borkhar Plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Ahmadi 1
  • M. A. Zolfagharipoor 2
  • B. Ebrahimi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Geomorphology, Head of the Planning and Economic Analysis Office, Isfahan Regional Water Company, Isfahan, Iran,
چکیده [English]

The provision of appropriate legal instruments for precise oversight of exchanges process and resolution of possible problems is one of the requirements for establishment of efficient water market. The dominant approach of Iran’s water legal system is the incentive of water market formation. However, there are some legal documents such as Matters 27 and 28 of the Fair Water Distribution Law that limit the water exchange process. Although the guidelines for the implementation of these matters have been amended by the Ministry of Energy but there are still the ambiguities in the water market conditions. In this paper, along with the identification the incentive and restrictive laws of the water market, some of the legal challenges of water exchange are presented through the analysis of laws related to the Iran’s water legal system. Then, by examining the status of exchanges within the Borkhar pilot plain, the challenges and considerations for the success of this market are identified. Based on field-level visits in the study area inter-sectional exchanges are of interest, generally. So that, the agriculture-related industries and building industries have a willingness to purchase water from agricultural wells, potentially and actually. The results show that the establishment of an efficient water market needs the consideration of issues such as issuance of a separate document and independent of the land for withdrawals, modification and adjustment of exploitation licenses, equipping wells to smart meters and establishments of groundwater users’ formations by strengthening incentive laws and amending barrier laws.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Exchange
  • Water Rights
  • Inter-Sectional Water Market
  • Legal Instruments
  • Intervention Policies
 
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