علم جدید هیدرولوژی اجتماعی: در جستجوی درک مفهوم هم‌تکاملی انسان و آب

نوع مقاله : یادداشت فنی (5 صفحه)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 مرکز پژوهشی آب و محیط زیست شرق (EWERI)

چکیده

امروزه برهمکنش‌هایی میان جوامع بشری و چرخه‌ی هیدرولوژیکی در حال رخ دادن می‌باشد که در گذشته هرگز مشاهده نشده است. بازخوردها و برهمکنش‌های میان سیستم‌‌های انسانی و هیدرولوژیکی نشان می‌دهد که فعالیت‌های انسانی منجر به ایجاد پیوستگی قوی میان بشر و سیستم‌های هیدرولوژیک شده و اثرات مثبت و منفی توسعه‌ی سیستم‌های اجتماعی از طریق تصمیم‌گیری‌های مدیریتی بر سیستم‌های هیدرولوژیکی بازتاب می‌یابند. اگرچه پیوند میان فعالیت‌های بشری و آب در "سیستمی از برهمکنش متقابل" سالیان مدیدی است که شناخته شده، تا‌کنون درک کمّی از بازخوردها، برهمکنش‌های دوسویه و مفهوم تکامل و هم‌تکاملی در سیستم‌های پیوسته میسر نشده است. این شرایط منجر به پیدایش علم جدید «هیدرولوژی اجتماعی» با هدف درک «پویایی و هم‌تکاملی سیستم‌های پیوسته‌ی انسان ـ آب» گردید. در واقع هیدرولوژی اجتماعی، مطالعه‌ی سیستم‌های پیوسته‌ی انسان ـ آب مبتنی بر هم‌تکاملی سیستم‌های اجتماعی و هیدرولوژیکی می‌باشد که در آن چگونگی وقوع بازخوردها و برهمکنش‌های متقابل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار می‌گیرد. هیدرولوژی اجتماعی، شکل‌یافته در چارچوب‌های اقتصاد و سیاست، مرزهای علم هیدرولوژی را به‌سمت پذیرش انسان به‌عنوان جزئی یکپارچه با چرخه‌ی هیدرولوژی سوق داده و پیشرفت‌ جدیدی در علم هیدرولوژی محسوب می‌شود که نیاز به بازاندیشی در خصوص این دانش را ایجاد می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

New Science of Socio-hydrology: In Search of Understanding Co-evolution of Humans and Water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shiva Gholizadeh-Sarabi 1
  • Bijan Ghahraman 2
  • Mojtaba Shafiei 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Water Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 East Water and Environmental Research Institute (EWERI)
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, such interactions between humans and hydrologic cycle are occurring that has never previously been observed. Feedbacks and interactions between human and hydrological systems show that anthropogenic activities have led to a strong coupling between them and both positive and negative impacts of social developments can affect on hydrological system via management decisions. Although the fact that man and water are linked through a “system of mutual interaction” has been recognized for many years, there has not been quantitative understanding of feedbacks, two-way interactions and evolution and co-evolution concepts of coupling systems yet. These conditions have led to the emergence of a new science of "socio-hydrology" with the aim of understanding "the dynamics and co-evolution of coupled human-water systems", in 2012. Indeed, socio-hydrology is the study of coupled human-water systems based on co-evolution of social and hydrological systems, which analyzes how two-way feedbacks and interactions occur in these systems. Socio-hydrology, that is shaped by economic and policy frameworks, has led the boundaries of hydrology to accept human as an integrated part of the hydrological cycle and represents new advancement in hydrological science, which requires further rethinking.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Socio-hydrology
  • Dynamics
  • Co-evolution
  • Coupled human-water systems
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