استخراج منحنی‌های شدت-مدت-فراوانی (IDF) در شرایط تغییر اقلیم، مطالعه موردی:ایستگاه سینوپتیک اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد /دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران/ مدیریت منابع آب، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

بسیاری از سازه های هیدرولیکی با استفاده از شدت بارش‌های طراحی با دوره‌ی بازگشت و زمان تداوم مشخص طراحی می‌شوند، لذا منحنی‌های شدت- مدت- فراوانی (IDF) نقش اساسی در طراحی ابعاد و اجزای این سیستم‌ها دارند. این منحنی ها با استفاده از داده های مربوط به رگبارهای تاریخی ثبت شده در ایستگاه های هواشناسی استخراج می شوند. از طرف دیگر با توجه به پدیده‌ی تغییر اقلیم که پیامد رشد روزافزون فعالیت‌های انسانی است، الگوهای بارش در مناطق مختلف جهان تغییر کرده و لذا نیاز به اصلاح منحنی‌های شدت- مدت– فراوانی در شرایط جدید و پیش یابی برای آینده می باشد. در این تحقیق با استفاده از تئوری فرکتال که مبتنی بر نوعی نظم در بی نظمی است، اقدام به بررسی تغییرات منحنی های شدت- مدت- فراوانی در ایستگاه سینوپتیک اصفهان شد. منحنی‌های در سه دوره زمانی به‌صورت دوره تاریخی (1967-1993)، دوره اخیر (1994-2016) و دوره آینده تحت شرایط تغییر اقلیم (2017-2035) استخراج و تغییرات آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای شرایط آینده از خروجی وزن دهی شده 15 مدل AOGCMتحت سناریو انتشار A2 مربوط در چهارمین گزارش ارزیابی IPCC استفاده‌ شده است. در دوره اخیر و دوره پیش‌بینی به دلیل تشدید پدیده‌ی تغییر اقلیم، هر چند میانگین بارش ها کاهش یافته ولی شدت بارش‌های با تداوم کوتاه افزایش یافته و منحنی‌های IDF به سمت بالا جابجا گردیدند. این میزان افزایش به بیش از حدود 52 درصد نسبت به داده های تاریخی هم می رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Extraction of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Curves under Climate Change, Case study: Isfahan Synoptic Station

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Reza Safavi 1
  • Shahabodin Dadjou 2
  • Golnar Naeimi 2
1 Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Many hydraulic structures are designed by using the design precipitation with return periods duration time based on concentration time. Therefore, in any region, Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves play a significant role in the design of dimensions and components of these systems especially in regions without adequate rain gauge stations. However, following climate change due to the increasing human activities precipitation patterns has changed in various regions of the world. Therefore, the historical IDF curves are not applicable. In this study, according to the Isfahan meteorological synoptic station IDF curves were developed. Eextraction of precipitation intensity with continued short of 24-hour precipitation has been done by using fractal theory. In the present study, extractions of the IDF curves were divided into three periods: the historical period (1967-1993), the present period (1994-2016), and the future period (2017-2035). It was perceived that precipitation intensity with short-term duration increased because of changes in the climatology, and IDF curves are shifted upwards. In this study, to predict the daily precipitation weighted output 15 AOGCM models under the A2 emission scenario related to the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) IPCC, as the most reliable tool were used. The results show that the predicted IDF for future (2017-2035) will increase about 52 percent related to past IDF (1967-1993) in this region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate change
  • Intensity-Duration-Frequency curves
  • Fractal theory
  • Maximum annual precipitation intensity
  • Isfahan synoptic station
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