تعیین سطح اقتصادی نشت در شبکه‌های توزیع آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی عمران/ آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران.

2 استادیار / دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران/آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

چکیده

یکی از وظایف اصلی شرکت‌های آب و فاضلاب در حوزه بهره‌برداری از شبکه‌های توزیع آب، مدیریت و کنترل نشت از شبکه می‌باشد. در این راستا کنترل فعال نشت یکی از استراتژی‌های اصلی در کاهش نشت و دستیابی به سطح اقتصادی نشت می‌باشد. در این مقاله، یک متدولوژی کاربردی به منظور تعیین سطح اقتصادی نشت توسعه یافت که شامل مراحل تعیین نقاط اندازه‌گیری فشار و نرخ جریان، جمع‌آوری داده‌های میدانی و داده‌های هزینه‌ای مورد نیاز، تخمین سطح نشت شبکه و تعیین سطح اقتصادی نشت شبکه مبتنی بر استراتژی کنترل فعال نشت می‌باشد. با برآورد سطح اقتصادی نشت، شاخص‌های عملکرد اقتصادی نظیر شاخص نشت اقتصادی و بازده اقتصادی شبکه نیز بدست می‌آید. متدولوژی توسعه‌یافته برای یک ناحیه از شبکه توزیع آب مشهد استفاده شد و بر اساس نتایج، سطح اقتصادی نشت ناحیه مورد مطالعه 27/5 مترمکعب بر انشعاب در سال برآورد شد؛ در حالیکه سطح نشت موجود شبکه بر اساس تحلیل جریان حداقل شبانه، 49/2 مترمکعب بر انشعاب در سال بدست آمد. همچنین شاخص نشت اقتصادی 1/79 و بازده اقتصادی شبکه حدود 56 درصد محاسبه شد. متدولوژی توسعه‌یافته در این مقاله می‌تواند به متخصصان و مدیران شرکت‌های آب و فاضلاب در هدف‌گذاری سطح نشت شبکه و تعیین سطح نشت اقتصادی مبتنی بر آن کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Economic Level of Leakage in Water Distribution Networks

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Moslehi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Jalili Ghazizadeh 2
  • Ehsan Yousefi Khoshqalb 3
1 PhD Student in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 MSc Student in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the main responsibilities of water and wastewater companies in the field of operating of water distribution networks (WDNs) is the management and control of leakage from these networks. In this regard, active leakage control (ALC) is one of the main strategies in reducing leakage and achieving economic level of leakage (ELL). In this paper, a practical methodology was developed to determine the ELL which is included the steps determining the points of pressure and flow rate measurements, collecting of required field data and cost data, the estimation of leakage level in the network and the determination of the ELL of the network based on the ALC strategy. Economic performance indicators such as the economic leakage index (ELI) and the economic network efficiency (ENE) are also obtained using the determined ELL. The developed methodology was applied for a district of the WDN of Mashhad. The results showed that the ELL in the study area is 27.5 m3/connection/year. While the current level of leakage was estimated to be around 49.2 m3/connection/year, based on the minimum night flow (MNF) analysis. Moreover, the ELI and ENE were calculated 1.79 and 56% respectively. The developed methodology in this paper can assist practitioners and managers of water and wastewater companies for target-setting of the level of leakage and determining of the ELL based on it.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Level of Leakage
  • Leakage Management
  • Infrastructure Leakage Index
  • Water Distribution Networks
  • Economic Analysis
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