Optimal Location of Groundwater Quality Monitoring Stations Using the Shannon Disorder Index in Dez Basin (Lorestan Province)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduate in Watershed Management, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran.

Abstract

Site location is one of the spatial analyzes that has a great impact on reducing the monitoring costs and is one of the most important and effective steps in executive projects. For the economic considerations and reduction of monitoring costs, optimization approaches in this study are to reduce the number of the groundwater quality monitoring stations in Dez watershed in Lorestan province. In this regard, using an algorithm based on the principle of maximum Shannon disorder index and based on the pollution index of TH, SAR, EC, SO4, Cl, HCO3, K, Na, Ca, Mg, TDS and pH parameters, optimization was done for the available 63 monitoring stations in the statistical period of 1387 to 1396 (2008-2017). First, the average rank of each station in the 10 years data was obtained. Then, appropriates models were proposed for the network Shannon disorder index regarding the number of stations and time. After fitting the best model, the results showed that based on SO4, Cl, HCO3, K, Na, Ca, Mg, pH, TH SAR, TDS and EC parameters, respectively 33, 34, 41, 24, 40, 34, 30, 43, 33, 33, 41 and 28 stations are sufficient for groundwater in the study area. Also, among the 12 quality indicators evaluated for groundwater, potassium (K) had the highest value of Shannon disorder index and therefore, it was selected as the superior index. The mean squared error and the mean absolute error value were used to validate the results.

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References

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Iran-Water Resources Research
Volume 19, Issue 3 - Serial Number 66
Special Issue: Groundwater
September 2023
Pages 79-91

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 March 2023
  • Revise Date: 27 April 2023
  • Accept Date: 17 May 2023

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