Simulating the rehabilitation of an over-extracted aquifer by different management scenarios in the Ravansar-Sanjajabi catchment in Kermanshah

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Soil Conversation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Tehran, Iran.

2 PhD candidate, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

3 PhD candidate, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

Abstract

Rising water demands and over-extraction of groundwater have caused critical problems in more than 50% of the aquifers in Iran. Simulating complex condition of such aquifers and selecting an appropriate management approach are required to compensate drawdown. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a management approach for the Ravansar-Sanjabi aquifer in Kermanshah using the MODFLOW model, an aquifer under a severe stress during last decades. After calibrating and evaluating the model, as well as providing a spatial distribution map for the actual drawdown during the period of 2007-2015, the aquifer is divided into four drawdown zones, including 0 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 20, and 20 to 45 meters, and then several options of combining scenarios were applied to compensate the drawdown in each of zones. The first scenario includes the condition of the last eight years of sources and sinks and recharge of the aquifer, which resulted in a7.2 m decline during the next eight years. In the second and third scenarios, with the effects of drought and wet conditions, the results showed that groundwater level would decline by 8.4 and 5.2 m, respectively. The results of the first three scenarios showed that the effect of climate fluctuations is not the main factor affecting the groundwater level decline. The results of the fourth scenario, with different combinations of 10% to 70% reduction in pumping rates, showed that the combination of 10% in zone1 and 20% in the other zones provides the best results in improving aquifer conditions.

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Main Subjects

References

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Iran-Water Resources Research
Volume 14, Issue 5
October 2018
Pages 160-173

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History

  • Receive Date: 07 February 2018
  • Revise Date: 15 July 2018
  • Accept Date: 20 July 2018

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