Iran-Water Resources Research

Iran-Water Resources Research

Identification and Zoning of Flood-Prone Areas in Khalkhal County

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Professor of Geomorphology, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
3 Professor of Climatology, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract
Flood is one of the natural disasters that causes the highest number of casualties and economic damage every year in different parts of the world and the country. Khalkhal County is not an exception to this rule and the occurrence of this destructive phenomenon during the past few years has destroyed some communication roads and bridges and damaged some residential area, agricultural lands, and orchards located in this county. Therefore, considering the importance of the subject; the main goal of this research is to produce a flood risk map in Khalkhal County. To this end, firstly the digital layers of the effective parameters, including slope, aspect, DEM, geology, land use, distance from city and village, rainfall, distance from the river, and density of the river were prepared. Then standardization of the maps was done using the fuzzy membership function and the weight of each criterion was determined based on its importance in the occurrence of floods according to the CRITIC method. Finally, using the MARCOS multi-criteria analysis method, a five-story zoning map was prepared. The results of the study showed that the slope, lithology, land use, and precipitation are the most important causes of floods in Khalkhal County with respective weight coefficients of 0.163, 0.155, 0.144, and 0.135. In addition, 25.12% and 14.58% of the range area are in the very high-risk class, respectively, which indicates the potential of this county for floods. In addition, according to the use of the ROC curve method and the sub-curve level (0.79), the accuracy of the MARCOS method is good in identifying and zoning areas prone to flood risk in Khalkhal County. The results of the current research, as a valuable input for decision-makers, can play a key role in the process of identifying flood-producing areas and prioritizing them for watershed measures and resource, and capital management.
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  • Receive Date 23 January 2024
  • Revise Date 18 May 2024
  • Accept Date 29 May 2024