بازاندیشی در مفاهیم و رویکردهای مواجهه با مناقشات آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی منابع آب دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، گروه مهندسی منابع آب

چکیده

تعریف مناقشه، به سادگی شمردن مصادیق آن نیست و در ادبیات تحقیق، تعریف واحد و جامعی برای مناقشه وجود ندارد. نبود تعریف جامع و مورد اجماع برای مناقشه یکی از چالش‏های اصلی و بنیادین در حوزه مطالعات مناقشات بصورت عام و مناقشات آبی بصورت خاص است که امروزه نیز همچنان به قوت خود باقی است. هدف از این مقاله، بازاندیشی در چیستی، ماهیت و مفاهیم اصلی مناقشه با تلاش برای تبیین کارکرد آن در مواجهه با مناقشات آبی است. بر این اساس، این مقاله با استفاده از روش تحلیلی-توصیفی، به واکاوی و بازاندیشی در چیستی و ماهیت مناقشه می‌پردازد و مفاهیم اصلی مناقشه در ذیل چهار سوال اصلی جمع‏ آوری و ارائه می‌شوند. علاوه‌ بر این، دو زمینه عمده مورد استفاده در مطالعات مناقشات آبی، یعنی نظریه بازی‏ها و رویکرد مناقشه/همکاری، در مقایسه با مفاهیم نوین دانش مناقشه مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند. نتایج مطالعات نشان می‌دهد که در مطالعات مرتبط با مناقشات آبی به ماهیت،مفاهیم و ویژگی‏های اصلی مناقشه توجه نمی‏شود و رویکردها و دیدگاه‌های غالب در مواجهه با مناقشات آبی، متناسب با فلسفه سنتی مربوط به اوایل قرن بیستم و ابزارهای مورد استفاده در این حوزه نیز از نظر دوره زمانی، مربوط به دوران جنگ سرد است. در حالیکه این رویکرد و استفاده از ابزارصرفاً تکنیکی،پاسخ‏گوی ابعادپیچیده مناقشات در سیستم‏های درهم‏تنیده آبی نیست.نتایج مطالعات همچنان نشان می‌دهد که در دوره اخیر، دانش مناقشه به ابزارهای نوین تحلیل/نگاشت مناقشه متوسل شده است، مفهومی که امروزه برای مواجهه با مناقشات آبی ضروری جلوه می‏کند وکمتر مورد توجه قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Rethinking of Concepts and Approaches to Deal with Water Conflicts

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Farajzade Arnesa 1
  • Hojjat Mianabadi 2
  • Ali Bagheri 3
1 Water Resource Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Tarbiat Modares University
3 Tarbiat Modares University, Department of Water Resources Engineering
چکیده [English]

Defining conflict is not as simple as counting its instances, and there is no single, comprehensive, and agreed definition of the conflict in the research literature. It has been one of the main and fundamental challenges in the field of conflict studies in general and water conflicts in particular, which is still persisting. The aim of this paper is to rethink the nature and main concepts of conflicts by trying to explain their functions for dealing with water conflicts. Accordingly, using the analytical-descriptive method, this article analyzes and rethinks the nature of conflicts and their main concepts under four main questions. In addition, two major areas used in the studies of water conflicts, namely game theory and the conflict-cooperation approach, have been analyzed in comparison with novel concepts of conflict knowledge. The results reveal that most studies related to water conflicts do not pay attention to nature, main concepts, and features of conflicts. They also show that the applied and dominant approaches and perspectives in dealing with water conflicts are in accordance with the traditional philosophy of the early twentieth century. Furthermore, the tools used in this area are also associated with the Cold War period while the traditional philosophical approaches for water conflicts and the use of purely technical tools do not comply with the complex dimensions of conflicts in water systems. The results also show that conflict knowledge has resorted to new tools of conflict analysis/mapping, a concept that is necessary to rely on deal with water conflicts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rethinking
  • Water conflicts
  • Analytical conflict mapping
  • Conflict knowledge
  • Conflict concepts
 
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