میزان تأثیرگذاری حساسیت، آگاهی و سرمایه اجتماعی بر تمایل ذی‌نفعان به مشارکت در حفاظت از منابع آب زیرزمینی (مطالعه موردی: دشت مهیار جنوبی اصفهان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

4 پژوهشگر پسادکتری دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.

چکیده

در استان اصفهان قریب به 80 درصد از دشت‌ها ممنوعه هستند. دشت مهیار جنوبی- دشت آسمان به‌عنوان بخشی از حوضه آبریز گاوخونی یکی از این دشت‌­ها است. با توجه ‌به مطالعات، برداشت بی­‌رویه آب زیرزمینی علت اصلی رخداد فرونشست زمین در این منطقه است. مدیریت مشارکتی یکی از راهبردهای اساسی مدیریت پایدار منابع آبی است و بدون تحقق آن حل این بحران بعید به نظر می‌‎رسد. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر متغیرهای آگاهی، حساسیت و سرمایه اجتماعی بر تمایل به مشارکت در حفظ آب زیرزمینی در این دشت انجام شده است. پژوهش به لحاظ ماهیت کمی و به لحاظ هدف کاربردی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 357 نفر بهره­‌بردار حقیقی چاه­‌های کشاورزی در دشت مهیار است. حجم نمونه مورد مطالعه 206 نفر است که به طور تصادفی از پنج منطقه محمدآباد، نصرآباد، پرزان، جرقویه وسطی و جرقویه علیا انتخاب شدند. پرسش‌نامه ابزار اصلی جمع­آوری اطلاعات بود. روایی پرسش‌نامه با استفاده از نظر متخصصان و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ به تأیید رسید. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق ‌بین حساسیت و تمایل به مشارکت رابطه منفی و بین سرمایه اجتماعی و تمایل به مشارکت رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود دارد. فلذا اعتمادسازی و جلب همکاری از افراد با حساسیت بالا و تلاش در جهت افزایش سرمایه اجتماعی از گام‎های ابتدایی پیاده‌‎سازی مدیریت مشارکتی درمنطقه است. به علاوه، پیشنهادهایی در راستای بهبود مشارکت ذی­نفعان در مدیریت مشارکتی منابع آب زیرزمینی ارایه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Impacts of Sensitivity, Awareness, and Social Capital on the Willingness of Stakeholders to Participate in the Protection of Ground Water Resources (Case study: South Mahyar Plain, Isfahan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Adel Shakibaei 1
  • Enayat Abbasi 2
  • A. Bagheri 3
  • Sajad Enteshari 4
1 MSc. Graduated, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Engineering and water Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Postdoctoral Researcher, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In Isfahan province, almost 80% of plains are prohibited. Southern Mahyar Plain - Aseman Plain is one of these plains as a part of Gavkhoni Wetland subbasin. According to studies, indiscriminate extraction of Ground water is the main cause of land subsidence in this region. Since participatory management is one of the basic strategies of sustainable management of water resources, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the variables of awareness, sensitivity and social capital on the willingness to participate in the preservation of Ground water in this plain. The research is quantitative in nature and practical in purpose. The statistical population of the research is 357 people who are actual users of agricultural wells in Mahyar Plain. The sample size of the study is 206 people who were randomly selected from five regions of Mohammad Abad, Nasr Abad, Porzan, Middle Jarqouye and Upper Jarqouye. Questionnaire was the main tool of data collection. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using experts' opinions and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that there is a negative relationship between sensitivity and willingness to participate and positive and significant relationship between social capital and willingness to participate. According to the results, suggestions have been made in order to improve the participation of stakeholders in the participatory management of ground water resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Crisis
  • Ground Water Resources Management
  • South Mehyar Plain
  • Participatory Water Resources Management
  • Subsidence of Mahyar Plain
Addink H (2019) Good governance: Concept and context. Oxford University Press
Akhmouch A, Clavreul D, Glas P (2018) Introducing the OECD principles on water governance. Water International 43(1):5-12
Amig-Pi M, Saadat A, Moulai A, Jamour Y (2017) The first phase of studies for the preparation of the country's comprehensive subsidence atlas in the country's mapping organization. The 25th National Geomatics Conference and Exhibition and the 3rd Geospatial Information Technology Engineering Conference, Tehran
Ballester A, Mott Lacroix K (2015) Public participation in water planning in the Ebro River Basin (Spain) and Tucson Basin (U.S., Arizona): Impact on water policy and adaptive capacity building. Water 8(7):273
Barari M, Bagheri A, Hashemi S (2016) Analysis of the issues of Lake Zrêbar in a context of integrated water resources management using a stakeholders' participatory approach in a basin scale. Iran-Water Resources Research 12(2):1-12 (In Persian)
Butler C, Adamowski J (2015) Empowering marginalized communities in water resources management: addressing inequitable practices in participatory model building. Journal of Environmental Management 153:153–162
Davodi J M (2010) Determining the range of land subsidence and examining its temporal changes using radar interferometry method in Mahyar plain. Master's Thesis, Isfahan University (In Persian)
Eshaghi SR, Rezaei R, Hejazi SY, Shiri N, Ghadimi S A (2013) Analyzing the factors affecting on rural people’s participation in the projects of natural resources conservation. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 44(3):463-471 (In Persian)
Farzaneh M R, Bagheri A, Momeni F (2019) A criticism to framework of groundwater resources reclamation and suggesting alternative method to the implement in Rafsanjan region around. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation 26(1):169-185 (In Persian)
Hossain MS, Ramirez J, Szabo S, Eigenbrod F, Johnson FA, Speranza CI (2020) Participatory modelling for conceptualizing social-ecological system dynamics in the Bangladesh delta. Regional Environmental Change 20:28
Iran Water Resources Management Company (2018) Isfahan regional water joint stock company, office of basic studies of water resources, report on the extension of the ban on the south Mahyar area. Parsab Novin Consulting Engineers, Spadana Project (In Persian)
Isfahan Regional Water Company (2019) Retrieved from https://www.esrw.ir/st/167
Khadri F, Sarostani M, Kordani M, Asadi A, Bagheri H (2014) Water, society and culture: Strategies and results of the development of water resource projects centered on the issue of public participation. The first national congress of irrigation and drainage of Iran, Mashhad (In Persian)
Kotir JH, Brown G, Marshall N, Johnstone R (2017) Systemic feedback modelling for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development: An application of participatory modelling approach in the Volta River Basin. Environmental Modelling and Software 88:106–118
Lashkaripour Gh, Ghafouri M, Salehi R (2010) Subsidence of south Mahyar plain and the impact of cracks on residential, industrial and agricultural areas. 5th Conference of Applied Geology and the Environment, Eslamshahr (In Persian)
Mazaheri M, Abd Manafi N (2018) Evaluating the effectiveness of legislation on the status of ground water resources. Research Center of the Islamic Council, Subject Code: 250 Serial Number: 16750 December 2018 (In Persian)
Méndez-Barrientos LE, DeVincentis A, Rudnick J, Dahlquist-Willard R, Lowry B, Gould K (2020) Farmer participation and institutional capture in common-pool resource governance reforms. The case of groundwater management in California. Society & Natural Resources 33(12):1486-1507
Mousavi S M (2015) Identifying and investigating the factors affecting the collective action of farmers in the control of groundwater abstraction in Shahreza city. Master's thesis on rural development, Isfahan University of Technology, Faculty of Agriculture (In Persian)
Mutekanga F (2012) Participatory policy development for integrated watershed management in Uganda's high lands. Doctoral Thesis, University of Wageningen
Nejadi F, Abbasi E, Choobchian S (2015) The role of desertification projects in increasing the social capital of local people (Case study: Shahdad carbon sequestration project). Rural Research, 7(4):604-617 (In Persian)
Organization For Economic Cooperation and Development (2022) A methodology based on the OECD principles on water governance, the OECD principles on water governance. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/governance/oecd-principles-on-water-governance.htm
Ostrom E (2005) Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton University Press
Rafyi M, Rezaei K, Shirani K, Nasin M (2019) Estimation of land subsidence rate using InSAR technique and analysis of the effective parameters in Mahyar Plain. Watershed Engineering and Management 11(3):661-675 (In Persian)
Salehi R, Ghafouri M, Lashkaripour G, Dehghani, M (2011) Land subsidence monitoring in southern Mahyar plain by radar interferometric method. The 16th Conference of the Geological Society of Iran, Shiraz (In Persian)
Sarker A, Baldwin C, Ross H (2009) Managing groundwater as a common-pool resource: An Australian case study. Water Policy 11(5):598-614
Shahroudi A, Chizari M (2009) An analysis of farmers’ behavioral domains regarding optimal agricultural water management in Khorasan-e Razavi province: a comparison of participants and non-participants in water users’ cooperative. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 4(2):81-99 (In Persian)
Srdjevic Z, Funamizu N, Srdjevic B (2018) Public participation in water management of Krivaja river, Serbia: Understanding the Problem through Grounded Theory Methodology. Water Resource Management 32(15):5081–5092
Statista (2020) Baseline water stress score worldwide in 2020, by select country. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1097524/water-stress-levels-by-country
UNEP/GPA-UNESCO-IHE Train-Sea-Coast GPA (2004) Improving municipal wastewater management in coastal cities. Objective Oriented Planning, 33-45. Retrieved from www.gpa.unep.org/training
World Bank (2003) The world bank participation sourcebook. Appendix II: Working paper summaries. [on- line] http:// www.worldbank.org/wbi/sourcebiik/sba2.htm 21-Hartly TW (2006) Public perception and participation in water reuse. Desalination 187(1-3):115- 126
Yazarloo B, Shahidi A, Farzaneh M (2021) The Role of moral norms in participatory management of water resources in Toshan of Golestan province. Iran-Water Resources Research 17(2):1-16 (In Persian)
Addink H (2019) Good governance: Concept and context. Oxford University Press
Akhmouch A, Clavreul D, Glas P (2018) Introducing the OECD principles on water governance. Water International 43(1):5-12
Amig-Pi M, Saadat A, Moulai A, Jamour Y (2017) The first phase of studies for the preparation of the country's comprehensive subsidence atlas in the country's mapping organization. The 25th National Geomatics Conference and Exhibition and the 3rd Geospatial Information Technology Engineering Conference, Tehran
Ballester A, Mott Lacroix K (2015) Public participation in water planning in the Ebro River Basin (Spain) and Tucson Basin (U.S., Arizona): Impact on water policy and adaptive capacity building. Water 8(7):273
Barari M, Bagheri A, Hashemi S (2016) Analysis of the issues of Lake Zrêbar in a context of integrated water resources management using a stakeholders' participatory approach in a basin scale. Iran-Water Resources Research 12(2):1-12 (In Persian)
Butler C, Adamowski J (2015) Empowering marginalized communities in water resources management: addressing inequitable practices in participatory model building. Journal of Environmental Management 153:153–162
Davodi J M (2010) Determining the range of land subsidence and examining its temporal changes using radar interferometry method in Mahyar plain. Master's Thesis, Isfahan University (In Persian)
Eshaghi SR, Rezaei R, Hejazi SY, Shiri N, Ghadimi S A (2013) Analyzing the factors affecting on rural people’s participation in the projects of natural resources conservation. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 44(3):463-471 (In Persian)
Farzaneh M R, Bagheri A, Momeni F (2019) A criticism to framework of groundwater resources reclamation and suggesting alternative method to the implement in Rafsanjan region around. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation 26(1):169-185 (In Persian)
Hossain MS, Ramirez J, Szabo S, Eigenbrod F, Johnson FA, Speranza CI (2020) Participatory modelling for conceptualizing social-ecological system dynamics in the Bangladesh delta. Regional Environmental Change 20:28
Iran Water Resources Management Company (2018) Isfahan regional water joint stock company, office of basic studies of water resources, report on the extension of the ban on the south Mahyar area. Parsab Novin Consulting Engineers, Spadana Project (In Persian)
Isfahan Regional Water Company (2019) Retrieved from https://www.esrw.ir/st/167
Khadri F, Sarostani M, Kordani M, Asadi A, Bagheri H (2014) Water, society and culture: Strategies and results of the development of water resource projects centered on the issue of public participation. The first national congress of irrigation and drainage of Iran, Mashhad (In Persian)
Kotir JH, Brown G, Marshall N, Johnstone R (2017) Systemic feedback modelling for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development: An application of participatory modelling approach in the Volta River Basin. Environmental Modelling and Software 88:106–118
Lashkaripour Gh, Ghafouri M, Salehi R (2010) Subsidence of south Mahyar plain and the impact of cracks on residential, industrial and agricultural areas. 5th Conference of Applied Geology and the Environment, Eslamshahr (In Persian)
Mazaheri M, Abd Manafi N (2018) Evaluating the effectiveness of legislation on the status of ground water resources. Research Center of the Islamic Council, Subject Code: 250 Serial Number: 16750 December 2018 (In Persian)
Méndez-Barrientos LE, DeVincentis A, Rudnick J, Dahlquist-Willard R, Lowry B, Gould K (2020) Farmer participation and institutional capture in common-pool resource governance reforms. The case of groundwater management in California. Society & Natural Resources 33(12):1486-1507
Mousavi S M (2015) Identifying and investigating the factors affecting the collective action of farmers in the control of groundwater abstraction in Shahreza city. Master's thesis on rural development, Isfahan University of Technology, Faculty of Agriculture (In Persian)
Mutekanga F (2012) Participatory policy development for integrated watershed management in Uganda's high lands. Doctoral Thesis, University of Wageningen
Nejadi F, Abbasi E, Choobchian S (2015) The role of desertification projects in increasing the social capital of local people (Case study: Shahdad carbon sequestration project). Rural Research, 7(4):604-617 (In Persian)
Organization For Economic Cooperation and Development (2022) A methodology based on the OECD principles on water governance, the OECD principles on water governance. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/governance/oecd-principles-on-water-governance.htm
Ostrom E (2005) Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton University Press
Rafyi M, Rezaei K, Shirani K, Nasin M (2019) Estimation of land subsidence rate using InSAR technique and analysis of the effective parameters in Mahyar Plain. Watershed Engineering and Management 11(3):661-675 (In Persian)
Salehi R, Ghafouri M, Lashkaripour G, Dehghani, M (2011) Land subsidence monitoring in southern Mahyar plain by radar interferometric method. The 16th Conference of the Geological Society of Iran, Shiraz (In Persian)
Sarker A, Baldwin C, Ross H (2009) Managing groundwater as a common-pool resource: An Australian case study. Water Policy 11(5):598-614
Shahroudi A, Chizari M (2009) An analysis of farmers’ behavioral domains regarding optimal agricultural water management in Khorasan-e Razavi province: a comparison of participants and non-participants in water users’ cooperative. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 4(2):81-99 (In Persian)
Srdjevic Z, Funamizu N, Srdjevic B (2018) Public participation in water management of Krivaja river, Serbia: Understanding the Problem through Grounded Theory Methodology. Water Resource Management 32(15):5081–5092
Statista (2020) Baseline water stress score worldwide in 2020, by select country. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1097524/water-stress-levels-by-country
UNEP/GPA-UNESCO-IHE Train-Sea-Coast GPA (2004) Improving municipal wastewater management in coastal cities. Objective Oriented Planning, 33-45. Retrieved from www.gpa.unep.org/training
World Bank (2003) The world bank participation sourcebook. Appendix II: Working paper summaries. [on- line] http:// www.worldbank.org/wbi/sourcebiik/sba2.htm 21-Hartly TW (2006) Public perception and participation in water reuse. Desalination 187(1-3):115- 126
Yazarloo B, Shahidi A, Farzaneh M (2021) The Role of moral norms in participatory management of water resources in Toshan of Golestan province. Iran-Water Resources Research 17(2):1-16 (In Persian)