ارزیابی کلان جایگاه و اهمیت برنامه های امنیت غذایی و امنیت آبی در اسناد بالادستی چهار دهه اخیر کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد، مدیریت منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

برنامه‌­ریزی‌­های راهبردی که در قالب اسناد بالادستی به تصویب مراجع ذی‌صلاح می‌­رسند، نشانگر مناسبی برای بیان سیاست­‌های هر کشوری هستند. با بررسی بخشی از آنها، راهبرد­های کشور مربوط به امنیت آب و غذا را می­‌توان دریافت. برای بررسی موضوعات اشاره شده بیش از 50 سند در سه حوزه اصلی آب، محیط زیست و کشاورزی شناسایی شد. مجموع اسناد احصاء شده، شامل اسناد بالادستی در حوزه آب و کشاورزی بودند و بطور صریح یا غیرصریح به امنیت غذا و آب مربوط می­‌شدند. با استفاده از تحلیل کمی فراوانی و نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از آن مورد بررسی گرفتند. ابتدا اسناد بالادستی احصاء شده به 4 محور، 14زیرمحور و 36 مؤلفه تقسیم شد. سپس میزان تکرار آنها در اسناد معرفی شده ارزیابی گردید و دریافت­ شد. بالاترین میزان توجه سیاست‌گذار به ترتیب به محور "سیاسی- اداری- حقوقی" و محور "اجتماعی- اقتصادی" بوده است. با استفاده از تحلیل فراوانی بخش­‌هایی که از نظر قانون­ و سیاست­‌گذار حائز اهمیت بوده است دریافت شد. در ادامه با نتایج بدست آمده از بخش مذکور چگونگی توجه قانون­‌گذار و سیر تحولات در زمان در راهبردها مورد بررسی قرارگرفت، که از سه دوره زمانی؛ (الف) اول 1358-1380، (ب) دوم 1381-1390 و (ج) سوم 1391-1400 تشکیل شده­ است. روند تغییرات میزان توجه قانون و سیاست­‌گذار به محورهای مورد بررسی را نشان می‌­دهد. در این سیر زمانی توجه سیاست و قانون­‌گذاران از یک محور خاص (سازمانی اداری حقوقی) به توجه یکنواخت و یک‌­اندازه به کلیه محورهای مورد بررسی تغییر کرده که این امر نشان‌دهنده تحول مثبت در امر سیاست­‌گذاری منابع آب و کشاورزی (غذا) است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Macro Evaluation of the Position and Importance of Food Security and Water Security Programs in the Upstream Documents of the Country in the Last Four Decades

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hossein Hassanpour Roudbeneh 1
  • Jamal Mohammad Vali Samani 2
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Water Recourses Management, Water Engineering Department, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Strategic plans approved by the competent authorities in the form of upstream documents are a suitable indicator for expressing the policies of any country including the country's strategies related to water and food security. In this research more than 50 documents were identified in the three main areas of water, environment and agriculture to examine the mentioned issues in Iran. The documents included the upstream documents in the field of water and agriculture and were explicitly or implicitly related to food and water security. These documents were examined using quantitative analysis on frequency. First, the counted upstream documents were analyzed for 4 axes, 14 sub-axes and 36 components. Then the amount of repetition of each was evaluated in the introduced documents. The highest level of attention of the policy maker has been given to the "political-administrative-legal" axis and then the "social-economic" axis. By using the analysis of the frequency, the sections that were important from the point of view of the law and the policy maker was identified. The results obtained from these sections showed the legislator's attention and the course of strategies in time which form three time periods of (a) first 1380-1358, (b) second 1381-1390, and (c) third 1391-1400 (Iranian Calendar). This showed the changes in the level of attention each axis received from the legislative and policy making authorities over time. The results showed that the attention of politicians and legislators has changed from a specific axis (organization administrative legal) to a uniform and one-size-fits-all attention to all the examined axes, which shows a positive evolution in the policy of water resources and agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Upstream Documents
  • Food Security
  • Water Security
  • Abundance Analysis
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