Iran-Water Resources Research

Iran-Water Resources Research

Studying the Water Security in Tabriz City by using the PSIR Systemic Index (Environmental, Social, and Economic Pressure, State Condition, Impacts and Responses)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Yagob Dinpashoh 1
Saeed Imani 2
1 Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
10.22034/iwrr.2025.516333.2851
Abstract
In this research, the water security index (WSI) in Tabriz city was evaluated using the PSIR (Pressure-State-Impact-Response) index. In this method, there are four main indices, and 56 sub-indices, all of which were evaluated. The values of the first three indices, i.e., pressure, state, and impact, were determined according to the relevant references and previous reliable research for Tabriz city. But, the value of the fourth index, i.e., the Response Index, is evaluated based on a qualitative approach via questionnaire and experts’ opinions in the field of water engineering. The findings indicated that the value of the Pressure Index (P-Index) for Tabriz city was 22.83 out of 100 (the value is dimensionless). Tabriz city scored 28.5 out of 100 in the Status Index (S-Index), 25 out of 100 in the Impact Index, and 30.92 out of 100 in the Response Index. Ultimately, the obtained results showed that the final value of Water Security Index (W-Index) for Tabriz was equal to 26.81 out of 100, which implied the poor condition compared to the values reported for ten other cities around the globe i.e. Amsterdam, Toronto, Singapore, Dubai, Beijing, Hong Kong, São Paulo, Nairobi, Lima, and Jakarta. Therefore, it is necessary for decision makers to use new scientific and practical methods to manage water insecurity in this city and reduce restrictions and impacts. Finally, it should be emphasized that the method used in this study represents a novel perspective in the perception of water security and its complexity. This method was efficient in analysing the Tabriz city water security, and it is recommended to use it for other cities in Iran.
 
Keywords
Main and Secondary Criteria, Water Security Index (WSI), PSIR, Tabriz

Subjects

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  • Receive Date 12 April 2025
  • Revise Date 07 June 2025
  • Accept Date 07 August 2025