تحلیل ابعاد مأموریت هیدرولیکی در هیدروپلیتیک ترکیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد / مهندسی منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی, پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج،

2 استادیار / گروه مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، وردآورد، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار/ عضو هیأت علمی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چالش‌های نوین جهانی از جمله میل شدید به توسعه‌یافتگی و تغییر اقلیم سبب پررنگ شدن پیوند آب،سیاست و امنیت شده به گونه‌ای که منابع آبی به یک ابزار نرم برای پیشبرد اهداف و نفوذ سیاسی تبدیل شده است. ازاین‌رو،توجه به اندرکنش پویا و درهم‌تنیده آب و سیاست درکنار عواملی همچون تغییرات اقلیمی در نقاط مختلف دنیا،بویژه درمنطقه بشدت پرتنش غرب آسیا،ازاهمیت بسیار زیادی برخوردار شده است. درمیان کشورهای غرب آسیا،ترکیه از جمله کشورهایی است که در دهه‌های اخیر درصدد استفاده‌ بیش از پیش از منابع آبی خود در راستای ایجاد قدرت اقتصادی، پیشبرد راهبردهای سیاسی و دستیابی به هژمونی آبی بوده است. این مقاله باروش توصیفی و تحلیلی و با اتکاء به منابع کتابخانه ای به تشریح مأموریت هیدرولیکیِ ترکیه در قالب سه دسته از پروژه های آبی داخلی و ملی‌سازی آب‌های این کشور، طرح‌های انتقال آب از ترکیه به کشورهای مجاور و فرصت‌سازی از منابع آب و در نهایت،پروژه‌های آبی بین‌المللی و مشروعیت‌سازیِ اقدامات هیدروپلیتیکی این کشور میپردازد و ارتباط این طرحها با رویکرد هیدروپلیتیکی این کشور را مورد واکاوی قرار میدهد. علاوه بر این، نشان داده خواهد شد ترکیه چگونه در ظاهر و صرفاً در مقام اظهارنظر از دکترین حاکمیت مطلق سرزمینی تغییر رویکردداده است اما در عمل سعی دارد بنابر دکترین عمق استراتژیک و به واسطه‌ رویکرد مأموریت هیدرولیکی،کشورهای مجاور و برخی کشورهای غیر مجاور خود را وابسته به اقدامات هیدروپلیتیکی خود نماید. ایجاد وابستگی به ضروری‌ترین منبع برای حیات بشر، یکی از استراتژی‌ها و ابزارهای ترکیه برای کسب قدرت در منطقه بشدت بحرانی غرب آسیا است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Dimensions of Hydraulic Mission in Turkey's Hydropolitics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Zahra Ghoreishi 1
  • Hojjat Mianabadi 2
  • Ebrahim Hajiani 3
1 . M.Sc. Student, Department of Irrigation & Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
2 Assisstant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, VardAvard, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Member of the Faculty of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

New global challenges such as strong willingness to development and climate change highlighted water, politics and security nexus so that water resources have become a soft tool for achieving political goals and influences. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the dynamic and complex interactions between water and politics throughout the world, especially in Western Asia as a highly stressed region. Among the West Asian countries, Turkey is one of countries that has been using a considerable part of its water resources to build economic power, advance political strategies and achieve water hegemony in recent decades. This paper describes Turkey’s hydraulic mission in three categories: domestic hydraulic mission projects and nationalize its waters, water transfer projects from Turkey to its neighbors and gets the opportunities from its waters, last but not the least, transboundary water projects and legitimize its hydropolitical actions. In addition, it will be shown how Turkey's government follows up the absolute territorial integrity in their discourses, but in practice, they apply Strategic Depth Doctrine and adopted Hydraulic Mission. Therefore, Turkey tries to dominate its neighboring and some non-neighboring countries by Turkey’s water and its hydropolitics actions. Because the volume of water that will be transported can only compensate for a very small fraction of the water scarcity. While they can cause serious economic, security and environmental challenges. Water dependency as the most indispensable resource for human life will be one of Turkey's strategies and tools for gaining power in the highly critical Western Asian region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydropolitics
  • Opportunitisation
  • Nationalism
  • Hydraulic Mission
  • Turkey
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