بررسی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی آبخوان گتوند با تأکید بر غلظت نیترات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه زمین‌شناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانش آموخته هیدروژئولوژی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران.

3 دانشگاه شهید چمران هواز

چکیده

آبخوان گتوند یکی از آبخوان‌­هایی است که از منابع آب آن، عمدتاً برای مصارف کشاورزی بهرهبرداری میشود. برای بررسی کیفیت آب این آبخوان با تأکید بر آلودگی نیتراته، در خرداد ماه سال آبی 99-1398 از یازده حلقه چاه نمونه‌برداری انجام شد. پارامتر­های صحرایی (دما، pH و EC) اندازه‌­گیری و غـلظــت عنـاصـر عمده (Ca2+،Mg2+،Na+ ،K+ ، -Cl،-SO42، -CO32 و -HCO3) و نیترات نیز مورد سنجش شیمیایی قرار گرفت. توزیع مکانی یون نیترات، تقریباً از جهت جریان آب زیرزمینی آبخوان گتوند تبعیت نموده و از ابتدای جهت جریان در بخش‌­های شمالی و غربی به سمت انتهای جهت جریان در شرق و جنوب شرقی روند کاهشی را نشان داده است. نسبت­های یونی (-NO3-/CL)، (-K+/CL) و (-SO42-/CL) نشان دادند که افزایش یون کلرید و سولفات به غیر از عامل طبیعی زمین‌­زاد، ناشی از فعالیت­های انسانی می­‌باشد. در تحلیل آماری مؤلفه­‌های اصلی، عامل اول 47/7 درصد و عامل دوم 32/2 درصد از کل تغییرات را نشان داده­‌اند. تیپ غالب آب زیرزمینی سولفات- کلسیک است. به طور کلی تغییرات غلظت یون نیترات در آب زیرزمینی آبخوان گتوند متأثر از اندازه ذرات خاک موجود در منطقه، عمق آب زیرزمینی، شبکه­ آبیاری و زهکشی، نشت فاضلاب خانگی و استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Groundwater Quality in Gotvand Aquifer with Emphasis on Nitrate Concentration

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasrollah Kalantari 1
  • Alahen Sheikhzadeh 2
  • Hadi Mohammadi 3
1 Department of geology,shahid chamran university,ahvaz,iran
2 M.Sc. Graduate in Hydrogeology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Gotvand Aquifer is one of the aquifers, water resources of which are mainly used for agricultural purposes. To evaluate the water quality of this aquifer with emphasis on nitrate pollution, samples were taken from eleven wells in June 2020. Field parameters (temperature, pH and EC) were recorded and the concentrations of major elements (Ca2+,  Mg2+, Na+, K+-,Cl-,SO42-, CO32-, and HCO3-) and nitrate were measured. The results showed that the spatial distribution of nitrate ion almost follows the direction of groundwater flow in Gotvand aquifer and shows a decreasing trend as moving from the upstream in the northern and western parts to the end of the flow lines in the east and southeast. Ion ratios, , , and , showed that the increase in chloride and sulfate ions, beside the natural tectonic factors, is caused by human activities. In the statistical analysis of the main components, the first and second factors respectively contributed to 47.7% and 32.2% of the total changes. The predominant type of groundwater is sulfate-calcium. In general, changes in nitrate ion concentration in groundwater of Gotvand aquifer have been affected by the size of soil texture in the area, groundwater depth, irrigation and drainage network, domestic sewage leakage and the use of chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gotvand Aquifer
  • Nitrate Contamination
  • Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
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