تعیین منشأ دی‌اکسید کربن محلول در آب‌های زیرزمینی با استفاده از هیدروژئوشیمی و مدل‌سازی ایزوتوپی کربن (مطالعه موردی: آبخوان گاریز، جنوب غرب استان یزد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری هیدروژئولوژی، گروه زمین‌شناسی معدنی و آب، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

2 استاد گروه زمین‌شناسی معدنی و آب، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

3 استادیار گروه زمین‌شناسی معدنی و آب، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

چکیده

غلظت زیاد دی‌اکسید کربن، در آبخوان گاریز در جنوب غرب استان یزد باعث کاهش کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی و ایجاد مخاطرات محیط زیستی شده است. به‌منظور بررسی ماهیت گازهای موجود در آبخوان گاریز طی دو مرحله در تیرماه و مهرماه سال 1398 از چاه‌های گستره مطالعاتی 35 نمونه آب زیرزمینی برداشت‌ شده است. سنجش آزمایشگاهی شامل غلظت یون‌های اصلی و ایزوتوپ‌ پایدار کربن (δ13CTDIC) آب‌های زیرزمینی است. برخی از ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی آب‌های زیرزمینی نیز در هنگام نمونه‌برداری اندازه‌گیری شده است. در این مطالعه مشخص ‌شده است که اکثر نمونه‌ها دارای ترکیب قلیایی‌خاکی-بیکربناته تا قلیایی‌خاکی-کلروسولفاته هستند و مقادیر غلظت بی‌کربنات نمونه‌های آب زیرزمینی به علت وجود کانی‌های کربناته در آبخوان و همچنین تعامل قابل‌توجه آبخوان با سیالات غنی از دی‌اکسید کربن افزایش‌یافته است. نفوذ آب ‌شور و اختلاط آن با آب‌های غنی از CO2 نیز روند تکامل هیدروژئوشیمیایی طبیعی آبخوان را تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. ازاین‌رو به‌منظور بررسی منشأ دی‌اکسید کربن در آبخوان مقادیر δ13  به‌عنوان تابعی از دمای نمونه‌برداری و نسبت مولی کربن برحسب تعادل ایزوتوپی محاسبه‌ شده است، و با استفاده از مدل‌سازی اختلاط گازهای محلول موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. نتایج بیانگر این است که دی‌اکسید کربن موجود در آبخوان گاریز در اثر اختلاط گازهای غیر آلی غنی‌شده نسبت به کربن 13 با منشأ عمیق همراه با انتشار دی‌اکسید کربن تهی شده نسبت به کربن 13 از منشأ آلی در تعامل با آبخوان است. با توجه به برآورد ترکیب ایزوتوپی اولیه کربن با منشأ عمیق (V-PDB ‰ 2-)، عمده سیالات عمیق در تعامل با آب‌های زیرزمینی آبخوان گاریز از گوشته و کربن‌زدایی واحد‌های کالک-سیلیکاته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of the Origin of Dissolved Carbon Dioxide Using Hydrogeochemistry and Carbon Isotopic Modeling: A Case Study of Gariz Aquifer, Southwest of Yazd Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Parsasadr 1
  • Hamid Reza Nasseri 2
  • Farshad Alijani 3
1 Ph.D. Student in Hydrogeology, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

High concentrations of carbon dioxide are present in the Gariz aquifer groundwater and this phenomenon has led to many environmental hazards. In order to determin the origin of dissolved carbon dioxide in Gariz aquifer, the groundwater has been sampled from wells (35 samples) in July and October 2019. Laboratory analysis included the concentrations of major ions and stable carbon isotope (δ13CTDIC) in groundwater samples. Also some physicochemical properties of water have been measured directly in the field. On the basis of chemistry of the ions, the majority of the water samples have a chloride-sulphate alkaline-earth to bicarbonate-alkaline-earth composition and bicarbonate concentrations of groundwater samples have increased due to the presence of carbonate minerals in the aquifer as well as the significant interaction of the aquifer with carbon dioxide-rich fluids. Hydrogeochemical evolution of the aquifer groundwaters has also significantly affected by the infiltration of saline water and mixing with CO2-rich fluids. Hence, for investigating the origin of carbon dioxide dissolved in the aquifer the theoretical δ13 values have been calculated in equilibrium with collected groundwater samples at respective sampling temperatures on the basis of the carbon isotopic balance and has been evaluated using the dissolved gases mixing model. The results highlighted two main CO2 components: 1) an inorganic deep sourced CO2 (13C-enriched) and 2) an organic CO2 (13C-depleted). Calculated pristine isotopic composition of C (-2‰ V-PDB) that interacted with the aquifer indicated the significant contribution from a deep source of carbon dioxide inorganic in origin and decarbonation in calc-silicate rocks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Hydrogeochemistry
  • Isotope Compositions
  • δ13C
  • Gariz Aquifer
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