نمایش توزیع مکانی فسفر، نیتروژن، مواد جامد محلول و مواد جامد معلق در GIS و بررسی اثر کاربری اراضی بر میزان این آلاینده ها (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز زاینده رود)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای محیط زیست/ دانشگاه ملایر. ملایر. ایران

2 استادیار/ گروه محیط زیست. دانشکده محیط زیست. دانشگاه ملایر. ملایر. ایران

3 دانشیار/گروه محیط زیست. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. گرگان. ایران

چکیده

مهمترین آلاینده هایی که باعث ایجاد آلودگی آب می شوند، نیتروژن و فسفر موجود در رواناب کشاورزی هستند که به آلودگی غیرنقطه ای موسوم هستند. در این پژوهش از مدل L-THIA برای نمایش توزیع مکانی کل فسفر، کل نیتروژن، نیترات-نیتریت، مواد جامد محلول و مواد جامد معلق و از نرم افزار SPSS جهت بررسی ارتباط آن با کاربری های اراضی در حوضه آبخیز زاینده رود، استفاده شد. جهت بررسی اثر کاربری اراضی آن بر پارامتر های کیفیت آب رودخانه تعداد 5 زیر حوضه که دارای بیشترین تنوع کاربری اراضی بودند انتخاب و با نرم افزار ArcView به کمک برنامه جنبی HEC-GeoHMS، مرز زیرحوضه آبخیز و نسبت کاربری های اراضی مختلف مربوط به هر زیرحوضه تعیین گردید، سپس در هر زیر حوضه یک ایستگاه تعیین شد و میزان آلاینده ها طی یک دوره یکساله از فروردین 94 تا فروردین 95 مورد پایش قرار گرفت. نتایج آماری و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون حاکی از آن است که ارتباط معنی داری بین کاربری کشاورزی با همه آلاینده های مورد بررسی به جز فسفر محلول، بین اراضی مسکونی و بایر و همه آلاینده ها به جز مواد جامد محلول و نیترات-نیتریت و بین اراضی مرتعی و جنگلی و مواد جامد محلول وجود دارد. با بررسی پهنه های تجمع میزان فسفر و نیتروژن در حوضه آبخیز و شناسایی محیط هایی که میزان این مواد بالاست، می توان اقدامات مدیریتی جهت کاهش میزان مصرف نیتروژن و فسفر و در نهایت کاهش میزان آلودگی در حوضه آبخیز به عمل آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship of land use with phosphor, nitrogen, dissolved solids and suspended solids and its presentation in GIS (case study: Zayandehrood basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Mirzaei 1
  • E Solgi 2
  • A Salman Mahiny 3
1 PHD student in environmental science, Malayer University
2 corresponding author- Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University
3 Associate Professor, College of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan university of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

The most important pollutants that cause water pollution, are the nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural runoff that are known to the non-point source pollution. In this study, L-THIA model is used to calculate the amount of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate-nitrite, total soluble solids and suspended solids and SPSS software is used for evaluation its relation to the land use in the Zayanderood river basin. For assessment of land use impact on river water quality is selected 5 sub-basins and is identified boundary of each sub-basin and rate of different land use related to each sub-basin using ArcView and HEC-Geo-HMS extension. Then in each sub-basin, 1 station is selected and phosphorus, total nitrogen, total soluble solids and suspended solids is measured from March 2015 to March 2016. Statistical analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient indicates there is a significant relationship between all pollutants and land uses, except dissolves phosphorus. As well as there is a significant relationship between residential area and bare lands with all pollutants, except dissolved solids and nitrate-nitrite. Also there is a significant relationship between dissolves solids with forest land and grassland. Considering accumulation zones of phosphorus and nitrogen in the watershed and identification of areas where have high levels of these materials, management actions can be used to reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus and ultimately reduce the amount of pollution in the watershed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollutants
  • Run off
  • L-THIA model
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