تحقیقات منابع آب ایران

تحقیقات منابع آب ایران

تحلیل نقش سرمایه اجتماعی و جایگاه زنان در مدیریت جامع حوزه آبخیز (مطالعه موردی شهرستان آق‌قلا)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار، دانشکده حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
4 دکتری، پژوهشگر مؤسسه کسب و کار اجتماعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی سرمایه اجتماعی و نقش زنان در مدیریت جامع حوزه آبخیز در شهرستان آق‌قلا انجام شد. روش مورد استفاده تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی بود که بر دو بُعد اعتماد و مشارکت میان اعضای محلی تمرکز داشت. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه‌ای میان ۴۰ تن از اعضای کانون‌های توسعه روستایی در هر سه روستا هدف پژوهش توزیع و جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد ساختار شبکه‌های اجتماعی تأثیر مهمی بر انسجام اجتماعی و مدیریت کارآمد منابع طبیعی دارد. در روستاهایی که شبکه‌ها از انسجام و پیوندهای دوسویه قوی برخوردار بودند، همبستگی اجتماعی، همکاری محلی و انتقال دانش بومی بیشتر مشاهده شد. در مقابل، جوامعی با شبکه‌های پراکنده و وابسته به افراد واسطه، از انسجام و مشارکت کمتری برخوردار بودند و مدیریت منابع طبیعی چالش‌برانگیزتر بود. همچنین، براساس یافته‌ها، زنان با وجود محدودیت‌های فرهنگی، در مرکز شبکه‌های اعتماد قرار دارند و نقش مهمی در تقویت همبستگی اجتماعی و تسهیل همکاری‌ها ایفا می‌کنند، در حالی که مردان بیشتر در جایگاه‌های واسطه‌گر فعالیت می‌کنند. این تمایز جنسیتی بر ضرورت بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های مکمل زنان و مردان در مدیریت منابع طبیعی تأکید می‌کند. پژوهش بر اهمیت شناخت بُعد جنسیتی ساختار شبکه‌های اجتماعی برای بهبود مدیریت مشارکتی حوزه‌های آبخیز تاکید دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Role of Social Capital and Women’s Position in Integrated Watershed Management: A Case Study of Aq-Qala County

نویسندگان English

Mehdi Ghorbani 1
Seyed Amirhossein Garakani 2
Leila Avazpour 3
Sedigheh Ghafari 4
1 Professor, Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Assosiate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Ph.D., Researcher at the Social Business Institute, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

This study investigates the role of social capital and women's participation in integrated watershed management within Aq Qala County. Employing social network analysis, the research focuses on two critical dimensions: trust and participation among local stakeholders. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 40 members of rural development councils across three target villages. Findings reveal that the structure of social networks significantly influences social cohesion and the effective management of natural resources. Villages exhibiting strong, reciprocal social ties demonstrated higher social solidarity, enhanced local collaboration, and more efficient transmission of indigenous knowledge. Conversely, communities with fragmented networks, heavily reliant on intermediaries, faced diminished cohesion and participation, complicating resource management efforts. Additionally, despite cultural constraints, women occupy central positions within trust networks and play a vital role in strengthening social cohesion and facilitating cooperation, whereas men predominantly act as intermediaries connecting wider networks. This gendered differentiation underscores the importance of leveraging the complementary capacities of both women and men in natural resource governance. The study highlights the critical need to incorporate gender dimensions into the social network structure to enhance participatory watershed management.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Integrated Watershed Management
Gender Roles
Local Development
Natural Resource Governance
Capacity Building
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