بررسی و ارزیابی شبکه های آبیاری و زهکشی به روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی با رویکرد آب مجازی (مطالعه موردی؛ شبکه های شهید رجایی، رامشیر و هندیجان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استاد دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

نظر به اهمیت آب مجازی، در این پژوهش آب مجازی شبکه‌های آبیاری و زهکشی رجائی، رامشیر و هندیجان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ابتدا نیاز آبی با استفاده از داده‌های هواشناسی ده ساله منطقه به وسیله نرم افزار CROPWAT محاسبه شد. سپس با استفاده از عملکرد محصولات، آب مجازی شبکه‌های مذکور تعیین گردید. هم‌چنین عملکرد سه شبکه با رویکرد آب مجازی به روش سلسله مراتبی با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان دادند که آب مجازی گندم در شبکه‌های رجایی، رامشیر و هندیجان به ترتیب 33/7183، 88/7148 و 11/7501 مترمکعب در سال می‌باشد. مقدار آب مجازی جو در سه شبکه مذکور به ترتیب 33/8033، 78/8252 و 56/8705 و برای کنجد در شبکه‌ی رجایی 28/9836 و در شبکه رامشیر 31/10252 مترمکعب در سال به‌دست آمد. مقایسه ارقام محاسباتی با مقدار آب تحویلی نشان داد که در شبکه‌های رجایی، رامشیر و هندیجان به ترتیب 31، 23 و 28 درصد بیشتر از نیاز واقعی آبیاری انجام شده است. نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی در شبکه‌های مذکور با استفاده از نرم افزار Super Decision با رویکرد آب مجازی نشان داد که در شبکه‌های رجایی و هندیجان معیار ارضی و در شبکه رامشیر عوامل اقلیمی بیشترین وزن را دارا می‌باشد. کمترین عامل تاثیرگذار عوامل اقتصادی به‌دست آمد. مقایسه نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و محاسباتی آب مجازی نشان داد که در هر دو روش شبکه هندیجان در رتبه اول قرار دارد. ارزیابی کیفی عملکرد بهره‌برداری شبکه‌ها بر مبنا آب مجازی و بهره‌وری آب محاسبه شده نشان داد که شبکه‌های مذکور در وضعیت نامطلوب قرار دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study and Evaluation Irrigation and Drainage Networks by Using Analytic Hierarchy Process with Virtual Water Approach (Case Study; Shahid Rajae, Ramshir and Hendijan Networks)

چکیده [English]

According to importance of virtual water in water management, the amount of virtual water were determined in Rajae, Ramshir and Hendijan irrigation and drainage networks. First, the crop water requirement was calculated by using meteorological data of 10 years by CROPWAT. Then, the virtual water of the networks were determined by using crop yield. Also, the networks according to virtual water were evaluated by questionnaire and analytical hierarchy process. Results showed that the virtual water of wheat in Rajae, Ramshir and Hendijan irrigation and drainage networks was respectively 7183.33, 7148.88 and 7501.11 m3/year. The amount of barley virtual water in the mentioned networks were obtained respectively 8033.33, 8252.78 and 8705.56 m3/years and for sesame in Rajae irrigation and drainage network 9836.28 and for Ramshir was 10252.31 m3/year. Comparison between the amounts of calculating data and the delivered water indicated that in Rajae, Ramshir and Hendijan irrigation and drainage networks had given the water respectively 31, 23 and 28 percent more than actual water requirement. The results of AHP and ranking of mentioned networks by using Super Decisions with virtual water approach, showed that field factors in Rajae and Hendijan networks and climate factors had the greatest weight in Ramshir network. The least influential factor was economics factors. Comparing the result of AHP and computational of virtual water showed that Hendijan network is in the first rank. Qualitative assessment of operation of network utilization according to virtual water and water productivity showed that mention networks are in the undesirable condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blue water
  • Green water
  • virtual water
  • Water productivity
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