بررسی عددی تأثیر ضربه قوچ بر طراحی بهینه‌ی سیستم آبیاری تحت فشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه رازی

3 گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

چکیده

بهینه‌سازی شبکه‌های آبیاری تحت فشار به منظور کاهش دادن هزینه‌ها تاکنون تحقیقات بسیاری را به خود اختصاص داده است. در این تحقیقات غالباً بهینه سازی با استفاده از کد های آماده و یا جعبه ابزار های متداول انجام شده است. کد توسعه داده شده در این تحقیق که مبتنی بر بهینه سازی به روش الگوریتم ژنتیک می باشد به هر یک از قطر های موجود در بازار یک عدد صحیح اختصاص می دهد. سپس با انجام عملیات تقاطع، جهش و جایگزینی با رویکرد نخبه گرایی بر روی مجموعه کروموزوم ها قطر های بهینه انتخاب و به زیر برنامه محاسبه ضربه قوچ فرستاده می شود. پس از محاسبه فشار های مازاد مجدداً به مدل بهینه سازی برمی‌گردیم. در این مرحله قیود حداکثر فشار کاری با قیود فشار ترکیدگی لوله جایگرین می شوند و مجدداً قطرهای بهینه محاسبه و به مدل ضربه قوچ فرستاده می شوند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد در مقایسه با شرایط موجود طراحی بهینه هزینه اجرای خطوط لوله شبکه آبیاری تحت فشار اسماعیل آباد لرستان را از ۲۸/825935 به ۳۷/۷۳۰۹۵۸ دلار کاهش می‌دهدکه معادل 5/11 درصد هزینه اجرای خطوط لوله شبکه می باشد. از طرفی محاسبات نشان داد تنها با تغییر قطر ۳ خط لوله از ۱۶ خط لوله موجود در سیستم می‌توان اضافه فشار ناشی از ضربه قوچ به علت بستن سریع همه شیرهای انتهایی خطوط لوله اصلی در مدت زمان کمتر از یک ثانیه را کنترل نمود. در این حالت هزینه اجرای خطوط لوله از۳۷/۷۳۰۹۵۸ دلار به ۲۸/۷۷۵۵۱۱ دلار یعنی حدود 1/6 درصد افزایش می یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical investigating of Water Hammer on Optimal Design of Sprinkler Irrigation Network

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ehsan Fatemi 2
  • Atena Hazeri 3
2 Fatemi Seyed Ehsan Assistant Professor at Razi University, Water Engineering Department, Kermanshah, Iran. P.O. box, 6715685438 Fax: +98 (0)833 8323727
3 Msc, water structure engineering, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
چکیده [English]

Optimization and modeling of the pressurized irrigation system in other to reduce their construction cost has attracted many scientists up to the present time. Optimization of these irrigation systems has often been conducted by using available commercial codes or toolbox's of conventional evolutionary algorithms combined with hydraulic models. Developed code that is based on genetic algorithm assigns an integer numeric to each available diameter. Then, by applying the cross-over, mutation and reinsertion with elitism approach on set of chromosomes optimum diameter of pipes are selected. Optimum diameters are sent to another subroutine that has been developed to simulating water hammer pressure in which maximum pressures due to water hammer phenomenon in all pipe are calculated. Then, calculated maximum pressures are sent to optimization subroutine again where constrains of working pressure are substituted by the bursting pressure constrains. Exchange of information between optimization and hammer models continues so that the calculated optimal diameters have not change. The results showed that optimized design by the present model reduces cost of implementation of pipelines of Ismailabad irrigation network from 825935.28$ to 730958.37$ which is equivalent to 11.5% of the cost of implementing of the pipelines.Also the results showed that by changing diameter of 3 pipes of 16 existing pipes we can control excess pressure of water hammer due to rapid closing of all valve at the end of pipelines during less than 1 second. In this case the cost of implementing of the pipelines increases 6.1% e.g. from 730958.37$ to 775511.5$.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • optimization
  • Genetic Algorithm
  • water hammer
  • Sprinkler Irrigation
  • Ismailabad irrigation network
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