تبیین محدودیت‌ منابع آب در تئوری‌های توسعه منطقه‌ای با رویکرد پویایی سیستم ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده‌های علوم انسانی و علوم و فنآوری‌های بین‌رشته‌ای دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

2 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

چکیده

تئوری‌های مکان­‌یابی ابتدا با توجه به غالب بودن اقتصاد بر پایه کشاورزی، بر اساس کسب بهینه سود در فعالیت­‌های کشاورزی پایه­‌ریزی شده‌اند. اما با پررنگ شدن نقش صنعت و گسترش تولید صنعتی، تغییر رویکردی در تئوری‌های مکان‌یابی بوجود آمد، به نحوی که انسان در جهت تحمل هزینه کمتر، حصول سود بیش‌تر و سهولت دسترسی به منابع، مکان فعالیت خود را انتخاب می‌نماید. با وجود این که رعایت این سه اصل منطقی ساده به نظر می‌رسد با این حال با پیچیده‌تر شدن عوامل مؤثر در مکان‌یابی، به ناچار متخصصان به استفاده از روش‌های علمی و مدرن روی آوردند. در این راستا تئوری‌ها و مدل‌های مختلفی ارائه شده است. اغلب این نظریه‌ها در کمی نمودن عوامل مؤثر بر فرآیند مکان‌یابی تأکید دارند. در تحقیقات و مدل‌های مربوط به تئوری‌های مکان‌یابی، غالباً به محدودیت‌های موجود در یک منطقه از قبیل منابع آب و عوامل مؤثر بر مصرف آب،  توجه نشده است. با توجه به اینکه ایران در حال تجربه مشکلات جدی کمبود منابع آب است و بسیاری از آسیب‌پذیری‌های منطقه‌ای ناشی از عدم توجه به منابع به ویژه منابع آب است، بنابراین بهتر است که به این محدودیت‌ها در تئوری‌های مکان‌یابی توجه شده و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته شود. لذا در این تحقیق سعی شده است با استفاده از تفسیر سیستمی نقش آب در این نظریه‌ها بررسی شود. بدین ترتیب تئوری‌های مکان‌یابی با استفاده از حلقه سیستمی ترسیم و تحلیل شده است که نهایتاً این تحقیق می‌تواند نقشه راه آیندگان در مناطقی باشد که توسعه منطقه، بر پایه این تئوری‌های مکان‌یابی صورت می‌گیرد تا بدین ترتیب به محدودیت‌های منطقه خصوصاً منابع آب توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation of Water Resources Limitations in Regional Development Theories (A System Dynamics Approach)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Shahbazbegian 1
  • Mohammadreza Shirinzadeh Yezn Abad 2
1 Faculties of Humanities and Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. of Engineering and Water Resources Management, Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Location theories were originally based on the optimal profitability of agricultural activities aimed at the predominance of economics in agriculture. But as the role of industry became more prominent and industrial production expanded, there was a change in the approach to location theories and human beings place their activities in a way that they bear lower costs, make more profit and have easier access to resources. Although these three logical principles seems simply achievable, experts have inevitably resorted to the use of scientific and modern method as the factors influencing location become more complex. Various theories and models have been proposed in this regard. Most of these theories emphasize the quantification of factors affecting the location process. In research and models related to location theories, the limitations of an area such as water resources and factors affecting water consumption have not been considered. Given that Iran is experiencing serious problems with water shortages and also many regional vulnerabilities are due overlooking the resources, especially water resources, it is better to involve these limitations on Location theories. Therefore in this research it is tried to examine the role of water in these theories using a systematic interpretation. Given that the role of water in nature is the outcome of interaction between humans and the environment, location theories are plotted and analyzed using a system loop. This research can be a roadmap for the future in areas where the development is based on these location theories so that to address the limitations in the area, especially water resources’s.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Location Theories
  • Water Resource Limitation
  • System Dynamics Analysis
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