اثرات سهمیه‌بندی آب آبیاری بر الگوی کشت و سود ناخالص زارعین در منطقه آمل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش ‏آموخته کارشناسی ارشد/ اقتصاد کشاورزی

2 استادیار/ اقتصاد کشاورزی،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر افزایش فشارهای جمعیتی، بهبود سطح زندگی و تقاضای در حال افزایش برای کیفیت محیط زیست، دولت‌ها را بر آن داشته تا برای مدیریت کارآمد منابع آب، راهکارهای بهتری ارائه کنند. از آن جا که بخش کشاورزی بزرگترین مصرف‌کننده آب می‌باشد، لذا ارائه شیوه‌های مدیریت منابع آب و تدوین سیاست‌های صحیح در این بخش لازم و ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. در مطالعه حاضر، تحلیل اقتصادی اثرات سهمیه بندی آب آبیاری بر الگوی کشت و سود ناخالص زارعین شهرستان آمل با استفاده از مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی اثباتی مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. این مدل با استفاده از داده‏های سال زراعی 92-1391 و برای مناطقی از شهرستان که دارای کشاورزی آبی می‏باشند (دشت‌سر، مرانده، رئیس‌آباد واسکو محله) ساخته شد. جهت دستیابی به نتایج کاربردی، ابتدا تابع تولید با کشش‌های جانشینی ثابت و سپس تابع هزینه درجه دوم در مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی اثباتی گنجانده شد. نتایج نشان داد که اعمال سیاست سهمیه‌بندی آب آبیاری منجر به کاهش سطح زیرکشت اغلب محصولات منتخب زراعی در مناطق با کشاورزی آبی شهرستان آمل می‌شود، اما محصول کلزا در مناطق دشت سر، مرانده و رئیس‏آباد و محصول شبدر در منطقه اسکو محله نسبت به دیگر محصولات الگوی کشت، بیشترین کاهش سطح زیرکشت و به عبارتی بیشترین حساسیت را به همراه دارند. همچنین، نتایج حاصل از اعمال سهمیه‌بندی آب آبیاری افزایش سطح زیرکشت محصولات با صرفه اقتصادی بالا مانند برنج و نیاز آبی پائین مانند ذرت علوفه‌ای را در الگوی کلیه مناطق با کشاورزی آبی در شهرستان آمل نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of irrigation water quotation on cropping pattern andfarmers' gross margin in Amol region

نویسندگان [English]

  • K. Mirzaei 1
  • M. Ahmadpour borazjani 2
1 M.Sc. Graduated of Agricultural Economics,
2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Economics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent decades, increasing population pressures, improved living standards and increasing demand for environmental quality, have urged the government to manage water resources efficiently, provide better solutions. Since agriculture is the largest consumer of water, therefore, providing water resource management practices and codification correct policies in this sector is necessary. In the present study, the economic analysis of the effects of irrigation quota on cropping patterns and gross profit farmers Amol city using positive mathematical programming model was studied. The model was developed by using data of cropping season of 2013-14 and for areas of the county that has been irrigated agriculture (Dashtesar, Marandeh, raeisabad and Oskumahaleh).To achieve goals, in first; the production function with constant elasticity of substitution and then Quadratic cost functionwas includedin the positive mathematical programming models. The results illustrated that water rationing policy will lead to reduced acreage of irrigated agricultural products in Amol county. But the canola in the Dashtesar, Marandeh and RaeisAbad and clover crop in the Oskumahaleh area had the most decreasing Comparedwith other crops. Also, the results of theappliedwater rationing showed increasing acreage products with high profit and low water requirements, such as rice and maize crops in all regions with irrigated agriculture in the Amol County.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • water quotation
  • Positive Mathematical Programming
  • cropping pattern
  • gross margin
  • Amol
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