بررسی روند بلندمدت تغییرات سطح آب خلیج فارس و عوامل مؤثر بر آن بر اساس داده‌های چند منبعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، رشته سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

روند تغییرات سطح آب دریاها یکی از چالش‌های جدی شهرهای ساحلی در جهان است. این تغییرات با توجه به شرایط مختلف جغرافیایی و تأثیرپذیری آن از عوامل مختلف، متفاوت است. یکی از مناطق مهم دستخوش تغییر، دریای نیمه محصور خلیج فارس است که سطح ناهنجاری‌های آن نسبت به متوسط جهانی بالاتر است. از این رو، میزان تأثیرگذاری و همبستگی پارامترهای دمای سطح دریا، دمای هوا از سطح 2 متری، شوری سطح دریا، سرعت افقی باد در دو جهت شرق و شمال در خلیج فارس با استفاده از مجموعه‌ای از داده‌های سنجش از دور، هیبریدی (HYCOM) و تجزیه و تحلیل بهبود یافته (ERA5) در دوره زمانی 2020-1993 بررسی شد. در روند بلند مدت سالانه تغییرات سطح دریا (در خلیج فارس) حاکی از افزایش (mm/yr 3/9)، دمای سطح دریا (°C/yr 0/02)، دمای هوا از سطح 2 متری (°C/yr 0/024)، تغییرات شوری (psu/yr 0/03-) و تغییرات سرعت افقی باد (ms-1/yr 0/01-) در جهت شرق و (ms-1/yr 0/01-) در جهت شمال است. همچنین، با توجه به نتایج همبستگی بین این پارامترها با تغییرات سطح آب دریا در مقیاس ماهانه تنها با دمای سطح دریا (p-value برابر با 0/04) R2=0. 6 و در مقیاس سالانه با شوری سطح دریا (p-value برابر با 0/03) R2=-0. 4 رابطه معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. مقایسه نتایج بدست آمده در دو مقیاس زمانی ماهانه و بین سالانه نشان می‌دهد، تغییرات سطح آب دریا در خلیج فارس الگوهای یکسانی ندارند. بلکه این تغییرات در شرایط زمانی مختلف از پارامترهای مختلف تأثیر می‌پذیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Long-Term Trends of Sea Level Anomalies in the Persian Gulf and the Parameters Affecting it Using Multi-Source Data

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Sharif 1
  • Sara Attarchi 2
1 MSc. graduate, Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The trend of the sea level changes is seriously challenging the coastal cities around the globe. Changes are various in different geographical conditions. The semi-enclosed sea of the Persian Gulf experiences the anaomalies with a higher rate in camparison to the world average. Therefore, it is quite imporatant to investigate the degree of influence and correlation of governing parameters including, sea surface temperature (SST), air temperature at 2 meters above the surface, sea surface salinity (SSS), and horizontal wind speed in both east and north directions using a set of remote sensing data, hybrid (HYCOM), and reanalysis product data (ERA5) from 1993 to 2020 in the Persian Gulf. The long-term annual trend in the Persian Gulf shows the following changes; 3.9 mm/yr in the sea level, 0.02 °C/yr in SST, 0.024 °C/yr in air temperature at 2 m above the surface, -0.03 psu/yr in SSS, and -0.01 ms-1/yr and 0.01 ms-1/yr in horizontal speed of air moving respectively towards the East direction and the north direction. Also, according to the results of the monthly and annual correlation between these parameters with the sea level changes only correlation with SST  with R2=0.6 (p-value=0.04) and with SSS R2=-0.4 (p-value=0.03) were significant. The comparison of the results in monthly and annual scales shows that the sea level changes in the Persian Gulf do not show the same patterns. Rather, these changes are affected by different parameters in different time of the year.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Remote Sensing
  • Satellite Altimetry
  • SST
  • Sea Level Anomalies
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