بررسی و تحلیل وضعیت سازگاری کشاورزان حوضه زاینده‌رود در مواجهه با خشکسالی و شناسایی راهکارهای آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و حمل‌ونقل، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه خشکسالی به­‌عنوان مخرب­‌ترین و زیان­‌آورترین پیامد ناشی از تغییرات اقلیمی، گستره کره خاکی را به‌صورت فزاینده­‌ای تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. یکی از مه‌م­ترین راهبردهای مواجهه با خشکسالی­‌های ویرانگر، شناخت و سازگاری در برابر آن است که می‌­تواند اثرات منفی خشکسالی را تا حد زیادی کاهش دهد. هدف پژوهش کمّی و کاربردی حاضر، بررسی و تحلیل وضعیت سازگاری کشاورزان با خشکسالی و شناسایی راهکارهای مواجهه با آن است که به‌صورت مطالعه موردی در میان کشاورزان حوضه زاینده‌رود (روستاهای نکو‌آباد، حسن‌آباد، هراتمه، جوشان و مزرعه‌چه) در استان اصفهان انجام‌گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را نیز کلیه کشاورزان حوضه زاینده‌رود تشکیل می‌دهد که از میان آن­ها، 200 نفر به­‌عنوان نمونه آماری برای دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش به‌صورت کاملاً تصادفی انتخاب شده­‌اند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش برای گردآوری داده‌­های پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌­های گردآوری‌شده از آزمون مقایسه میانگین، جدول توزیع فراوانی و فن تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی در نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده به‌عمل‌آمده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد میانگین محاسبه‌شده برای سازگاری کشاورزان در برابر خشکسالی با مقدار 2/165، در سطح 95 درصد اطمینان به لحاظ آماری، پایین­تر از حد متوسط بوده است. نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد شش عامل اصلی به­‌عنوان مهم­ترین راهکار کلیدی برای ارتقای سطح سازگاری و مواجهه با خشکسالی در میان کشاورزان حوضه زاینده­‌رود شناسایی شده است که در مجموع 71/88 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته پژوهش را تبیین کرده‌اند. ایـن عوامل به ترتیب اهمیت عبارت‌­اند از: سیاست‌های حمایت مالی- سازمانی (17/533 درصد)، آمـوزشی- ترویجی (12/946 درصد)، فنی- زراعی (12/421 درصد)، زیرساختی (10/697 درصد)، تقویت نهادهای اجتماعی (9/188 درصد) و تقویت مشارکت محلی (9/069 درصد).

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating and Analyzing the Adaptation of Farmers in Zayandehrud River Basin in Facing Drought and Identifying its Solutions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayda Alahdini 1
  • Hamed Yazdian 2
1 Ph.D. Student of Rural Planning, Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transportation, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, drought as the most destructive and damaging consequence of climate change has increasingly affected the earth. One of the most important strategies for dealing with devastating droughts is understanding and adapting to them, which can greatly reduce their negative effects. The aim of this quantitative and applied research is to examine and analyze the adaptation status of farmers to drought and identify solutions to deal with it through a case study among farmers in the Zayandehrud river basin  in Isfahan province. The statistical population of the research consists of all farmers in the east of Zayandehrud basin (villages of Nokhodabad, Hasanabad, Haratmeh, Joshan, and Mazrae Cheh) of whom 200 were selected as a completely random sample to achieve the research objectives. The main tool for collecting data in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. For analyzing the collected data, the mean comparison test, frequency distribution table, and exploratory factor analysis method were used in SPSS software. The results of the research showed that the calculated mean for the adaptation of farmers to drought was 2.165, statistically significantly lower than the average level at a confidence level of 95 percent. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that six main factors are identified as the most important key solutions for improving how farmers are adapting to and coping with drought in Zayandehrud basin, explaining 71.88 percent of the dependent variable variance. These factors, in order of importance, are financial-organizational policies (17.533 percent), educational-promotional policies (12.946 percent), technical-agricultural policies (12.421 percent), infrastructure (10.697 percent), strengthening social institutions (9.188 percent), and enhancing local participation (9.096 percent).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate Change
  • Drought
  • Adaptation
  • Agriculture
  • Zayandehrud
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