تحقیقات منابع آب ایران

تحقیقات منابع آب ایران

طراحی سیستم پشتیبان خط‌مشی‌گذاری برای مهار بحران آب در آینده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت سیاستگذاری عمومی، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس کیش، کیش، ایران.
2 استاد گروه خطمشیگذاری عمومی و اداره عمومی دانشکدگان مدیریت، رئیس دانشکده حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی، من جمله بحران آب، معمولاً خاموش و رونده‌ هستند و فراتر از جغرافیای کشورها، جامعه جهانی را تحت‌تأثیر قرار می‌دهند و گاهی حتی به تهدیدی بین‌المللی تبدیل می‌شوند. بنابراین، حکمرانان، دولت‌‌ها و نهاد‌های بین‌المللی، درباره پیامد‌های اسف‌بار این فاجعه، باید آگاه باشند. ازآنجاکه کشور پهناور ایران در جغرافیایی نیمه‌خشک و بیابانی قرار دارد، مدیریت صحیح منابع محدود آب، برای بهره‌برداری امروز و بهتر آیندگان، بسیار حائز اهمیت بوده، در قالب دغدغه‌های شدید متخصصان‌ محیط‌زیست در ایران، متجلی شده است؛ بنابراین، برحسب حساسیت موضوع، اتخاذ یک نگاه کل‌نگر و خردورز، مبتنی بر گزاره‌های پشتیبان خط‌مشی، بسیار حیاتی و حائز اهمیت است. پژوهش پیش رو، با طراحی یک سیستم پشتیبان دانش مبنا برای خط‌مشی‌گذاری عمومی، مسئله پیچیده‌ آب را در کانون توجه قرار داده است و این مسئله غامض و پیچیده را در پهنه جغرافیای کشور، باتوجه ‌به مقوله‌هایی چون امنیت، اقتصاد، عدالت بین‌نسلی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی، در سطح اداره عمومی و نهاد حاکمیت درنظر می‌گیرد. در این پژوهش از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند طبقه‌ای استفاده شده است و در جریان آن، با ۱3 خبره خط‌مشی‌گذاری، آینده‌پژوهی و متخصص در زمینه آب و مسائل امنیتی و توسعه پایدار، مصاحبه شده، با کسب آرا آنان و همچنین مطالعه و بررسی اسناد و مدارک، گزاره‌های بنیادین پژوهش حاصل شده‌اند. سپس، با کدگذاری آنها با روش تحلیل تم، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Maxqda، مختصات سیستم پشتیبان خط­مشی گذاری در چهار عرصه اقتصادی، سیاسی، اداری و اجتماعی- فرهنگی شناسایی شده، برای مهار بحران آب در راستای توسعه پایدار، ویژه‌سازی شده‌اند. طراحی این سیستم برای نیل به حکمرانی متعالی در حوزه آب و جلوگیری از فروپاشی تمدنی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Designing a Policy Making Support System to Control the Water Crisis in the Future

نویسندگان English

Parya Momenzadeh 1
Ali asghar Pourezzat 2
Ali Hamidizadeh 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Public Policy Management, University of Tehran, Kish Campus, Kish, Iran.
2 Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Environmental crises are usually silent and go beyond the geographical boundries of countries, affecting the global community and sometimes even become an international threat. Therefore, legislators, governments and international institutions are warned about the unfortunate consequences. Iran, as a vast country in a semi-arid geography, demands a correct management of limited water resources for the reliable exploitation of today and the future and this has been manifested as severe concerns of environmental experts in Iran. Accordingly, it’s logical to have a holistic and wisely vision into this important issue which is based on supporting the policy. In this research, by designing a knowledge-based supporting system, the ambiguity of water issue is put in center of attention and the hard and complex crises in vast geography of the country is considered according to categories such as security, economy, intergenerational, cultural and social justice, at the level of public administration and governance institutions comments. In this research, stratified purposive sampling method was used and thirteen experts in fields of policy making, future research and water and security issues and sustainable development were interviewed. Their votes combined with the study and examination of documents, have led to the fundamental propositions of the research. Then by coding them, using Maxqda software, the coordinates of the support system were identified to contain the water crisis in line with sustainable development.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Policy Support System
Water Crisis
Sustainable Development
Water Security
Survival and Water Conflict
Water Civilization
Water Governance
Asgari S, Kohnavard M, & Hadavand M (2018) Inefficient governance of water resources and strategic insecurity. Social Capital Management 5(3):457-477 (In Persian)
Babran S & Honarbakhsh N (2017) Water crisis in the world and Iran. Strategy Quarterly 16(2):48 (In Persian)
Berg B (2006) Qualitative resarche methods for the social science. New York: Allyn and Becon
Braga B, Chartres C, Cosgrove WJ, da Cunha LV, Gleick PH, Kabat P, Ait Kadi M, Loucks DP, Lundqvist J, Narain S, and Xia J (2014) Water and the future of humanity. Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Avenida de Berna 45A, 1067-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Chrzanowsa J (2002) Interviewing groups and individuals in qualitattive market research. London: Sage Publications Inc.
Cook M & Mossberger K (2015) A candid conversation among government leaders and digital government scholars. Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research- Dg.o 15:295–296
Denzin N & Y Lincon (2005) The sage handbook of qualitative research. Third Edition, London: SagePublications Ltd. 10-24
Dolan F, Lamontagne J, Link R, Hejazi M, Reed P, Edmonds J (2021) Evaluating the economic impact of water scarcity in a changing world.  Nature Communications 12(1)
Fielding Nigel & Jan Fielding (1986) Linking data. London, Sage Publications Ltd.
Gubrium J F (1998) Analyzing field reality. London, Sage Publications Ltd.
Hosseini M (2019) International environmental governance and challenges of sustainable development. Master's thesis in international relations. Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Tehran University of Science and Research (In Persian)
Iceland C & Otto B (2017) What does water have to do with national security? World Resources Institute, https://www.wri.org/insights/what-does-water-have-do-national-security
IPRC, Islamic Parliament Research Center (2022) Analytical review of existing conditions and explanation of the future state of the water crisis in the country. Infrastructure Office (In Persian)
Iran Water Resources Management Joint Stock Company (2023) The 11th press conference of the country's water industry. https://wnn.wrm.ir/cs/ NewsCrawler/559/64611 (In Persian)
Jackson Michael C (2003) Systems thinking: Creative holism for managers. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons 15-20
Kvale S (1966) Inter views: An introduction to qualitative research writing. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications
Labbaf Khaneiki M (2019) Territorial water cooperation in the central plateau of Iran. Springer, Cham, Springer Nature Switzerland AG 201, 25-63
Labbaf Khaneiki M (2019) Territorial water cooperation in the central plateau of Iran. Springer, Cham, Springer Nature Switzerland AG 201, 25-63
Maxwell J (2004) Qualitative research design: An inter approach. Second Edition. London: Sage Publications 214-230
May T (2002) Qualitative research in practice. London: SagePublications Ltd.
Michalec O, Milyaeva S, & Rashid A (2021) Reconfiguring governance: How cyber security regulations are reconfiguring water governance. Regulation & Governance 1325-1340
Midari A (2005) An introduction to the theory of good governance. Social Welfare 6(22):261-287 (In Persian)
Miremadi T (2018) Critical future studies of water policy in Iran. Iranian Journal of Public Policy 3(4):105-124 (In Persian)
Morgan David L (1977) Focuse groups as qualitative research. London: Thousand Oaks. Sag, 6-17
Newman L (2006) Social research methods: Quantative and qualitative approach. Third Edition, London: Allyn and Becon
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) (2011) Water governancein OECD countries. A multi-level approach. OECD Studies on water, Paris, France: OECD
Policy Support Systems (2023) https://www.policysupport.org/.
Pourezzat A & Hashemi Kasvai M (2016) The general problem of the challenge of government policy initiation. Tehran: Tehran University Press (In Persian)
Pourezzat A (2013) Righteous justice: Awareness, welfare, security. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural (In Persian)
Pourezzat A, Momenzadeh P, Rafiei S, and Beheshti Roy A (2023) Public policy making support system. Governance Publications, first edition, Tehran, 61-64 (In Persian)
Pourezzat A, Sodagar H, Saadabadi A, Sadat Hashemi Kasvai M (2018) Indicators of fair prioritization of public issues. Strategic Management Thought (Management Thought) 13(2):139-169 (In Persian)
Renani M (2014) The role of beliefs, social values and social capital in the governance of Iran [speech]. May 2014, Tehran, Iran (In Persian)
Rijke J, Brown R, Zevenbergen Ch, Ashley R, Farrelly M, Morison P, & Van Herk S (2012) Fit-for-purpose governance: A framework to make adaptive governance operational. Environmental Science & Policy 22:73-84
Rittel H W J & Webber M M (1973) Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences 4(2):155–169
Rogers P & Hall AW (2003) Effective water governance, Stockholm, Sweden. Global Water Partnership, Technical Advisory Committee Background Papers. No. 7
Saimy IS & Yusof NAM (2013) The need for better water policy and governance in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 81:371-375
Salari F, Ghorbani M, Melkia A (2015) Social monitoring of the network of stakeholders in the local governance of water resources (study area: Rezin watershed, Kermanshah city). Mari and Watershed, Natural Resources of Iran 83(5): 312-539 (In Persian)
Shah T, Burke J, & Villholth K (2009) Groundwater: A water assessment of scale and significance. Proceedings of the Groundwater Management in Malaysia Status and Challenges held on 25-26 March at Putrajaya (pp.15-47), Akademi Sains Malaysia
Turrini A, Cristofoli D, Frosini F, & Nasi G (2010) Networkingliterature about determinants of network effectiveness. Public Administration 88:528-550
United Nation Development Programme (UNPD) (2002) An overview of disaster management. Training modules:355
Waddock S, Meszoely G M, Waddell S, & Dentoni D (2015) The complexity of wicked problems in large scale change. Journal of Organizational Change Management 28(6):993–1012
 

  • تاریخ دریافت 17 دی 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 03 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 خرداد 1402