ارزیابی توزیع و منشأ آرسنیک در آبخوان‌های کارستی، مطالعه موردی چشمه شور کارستی گرو در شرق خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادگروه علوم زمین دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد

3 استاد گروه علوم زمین دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

4 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

در ایران چشمه‌های متعددی وجود دارند که به‌وسیله آرسنیک آلوده و غیرقابل‌شرب شده‌اند. چشمه گرو در محدوده مسجدسلیمان شاخصی ازاین‌گونه چشمه‌ها می‌باشد. به‌منظور بررسی غلظت آرسنیک تعداد 20 نمونه آب چشمه و پیزومترهای تاقدیس آسماری جمع‌آوری شدند. غلظت عناصر اصلی و عناصر فرعی (AS، Fe، Mn، Ni، V و Li) در نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. مطالعات ICP-OES نیز بر روی 3 نمونه سازند اطراف منطقه انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد که چشمه گرو دارای میزان آرسنیک بیش از ppb10 می‌باشد. بررسی‌های هیدروشیمی و آماری نمونه‌های آب و سنگ و همچنین همبستگی معنی‌دار آرسنیک با کاتیون‌های اصلی و نیکل و وانادیوم نشان می‌دهد عوامل انسان‌زاد تأثیری در میزان آرسنیک نداشته‌اند و می‌توان منشأ آرسنیک را زمین زاد (سازند گچساران و ورود شورابه های نفتی) دانست. چگونگی مکانیسم کلیدی آزادسازی و تحرک آرسنیک در فصل مرطوب تنفس بی‌هوازی باکتری‌های احیاکننده +Fe3 است، درحالی‌که در فصل خشک با احیایی‌تر شدن محیط (تأثیر بیشتر شورابه نفتی)، فعالیت میکروارگانیسم‌های SRB و IRB موجود در دهانه چشمه سبب احیا آهن به‌واسطه سولفید حاصل از تنفس سولفاتی می‌شود که این امر سبب تشکیل رسوب آرسنیک می‌گردد. همچنین آنالیز کروماتوگرافی گازی نفت موجود در چشمه، نشان می‌دهد بوی H2S حاصل احیاء ترموشیمیایی سولفات در مخازن کربناته می‌باشد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش استفاده از منابع آبی موجود در منطقه، سلامت ساکنین منطقه را تهدید می‌کند و بایستی از روش‌های حذف آرسنیک استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Distribution and Source of Arsenic in Karstic Aquifers, Case Study Garu Saline Karstic Spring in East of Khusetan, Southwestern Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Manouchehr Chitsazan 1
  • Sahar Shacheri 2
  • Yahya Mirzaei 3
  • Tareq Abuodi 4
1 geology department,shahid chamran university of Ahvaz
2 iran.chamran
3 Geology department, shahid chamran university of Ahvaz
4 iran.chamran
چکیده [English]

There are many springs in Iran that are contaminated by arsenic and therefore are not suitable for drinking purposes. Garu spring around Masjed Soleyman city is an indicator of such springs. In order to study the concentration of arsenic, 20 samples from spring and Asmari anticline observation wells were collected. Concentration of major and trace elements in the samples were measured. ICP-OES studies were carried out on 3 samples of the surrounding formation. The results showed that Garu spring has arsenic levels higher than 10ppb. Hydrochemical and statistical analyzes of water samples and sediment as well as significant correlation of arsenic with main cations, (i.e. Nickel and Vanadium) shows that anthropogenic factors do not have an effect on the amount of arsenic. It is found, that the origin of arsenic is geogenic (Gachsaran formation and oil brine influx). The mechanism of arsenic mobility during the wet season is the anaerobic respiration of Fe+3 reducing bacteria. Whereas, in the dry season, the environment is further reduced, as a result activity of the SRB and IRB in the span of springs leads to the reduction of iron by sulfide from sulfate respiration, this causes arsenic deposition. Also, gas chromatography analysis of the oil presented in spring shows that H2S is the result of thermochemical reduction of sulfate in carbonate reservoirs. According to the results of this study, the use of water resources in the region threatens the health of the inhabitants of the region, and arsenic removal methods should be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ARSENIC
  • Garu spring
  • Gachsaran formation
  • Oil brine
  • Reducing Bacteria
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