بهینه سازی تخصیص منطقه ای منابع آب در حوضه آبریز سفیدرود با رویکرد عدالت اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد /مهندسی منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان.

2 استادیار / گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار/ گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان.

4 استادیار / گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان.

چکیده

افزایش تقاضا و منابع آب ناکافی دلیل اصلی افزایش مناقشات بین ذینفعان حوضه‌های آبریز به خصوص حوضه آبریز سفیدرود شده است. در این تحقیق، تخصیص پایدار منابع آب با دیدگاه بهره‌وری سود اقتصادی و برقراری عدالت اجتماعی انجام شده است که می‌تواند در کاهش درگیری‌های بین ذینفعان مفید واقع شود. پایداری در تخصیص آب به معنای تامین حداقل نیازهای زیست‌محیطی در برنامه‌ریزی‌های منابع آب است که از محدودیت‌های مدل برنامه‌ریزی است. در این مطالعه، مدل بهینه‌سازی چندهدفه تخصیص منابع آب برای تامین حداقل نیازهای بخش محیط‌زیست، صنعت و کشاورزی در حوضه سفیدرود توسعه داده شد که هدف اول آن حداکثرسازی میانگین بهره‌وری اقتصادی و هدف دوم آن حداکثرسازی برقراری عدالت در تخصیص آب است. برای اندازه‌گیری عدالت از ضریب جینی استفاده شده است. برای حل مدل بهینه-سازی چندهدفه توسعه یافته از الگوریتم ژنتیک چند هدفه با مرتب‌سازی نامغلوب (NSGA-II) استفاده شد که از بین مجموعه جواب‌های بهینه بدست آمده، بهترین جواب با نگرش تعادلی انتخاب گردید. زیرا این نگرش همزمان با بررسی سود اقتصادی ایجاد شده در هر یک از استان‌های ذینفع، برقراری عدالت در بین استان‌ها را نیز در نظر می‌گیرد. در ادامه، برای ارزیابی مدل بهینه‌سازی توسعه یافته، سناریوهایی بر اساس پارامترهای مقدار آب در دسترس و درصد تلفات انحراف آب تعریف شد، که نتایج نشان داد، این پارامترها تاثیر قابل توجهی در میزان بهره‌وری اقتصادی و برقراری عدالت در بین ذینفعان و در برنامه‌ریزی منابع آب حوضه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Regional Water Resources Allocation in Sefidroud River Basin by Social Equity Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Ayoubikia 1
  • S. Janatrostami 2
  • A. Ashrafzadeh 3
  • B. Shafiei Sabet 4
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Water Rwsources Engineering, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Increasing water demands and insufficient water resources has became the main reasons of raising water conflicts among stakeholders in Sefidroud basin. Sustainable allocation of water resources with viewpoint of economic efficiency and social equity is necessary to reduce these conflicts. Hence, they was assessed in Sefidroud basin, Iran. Sustainability of water allocation as the model constraint guarantees the minimum environmental requirements in water resource planning. In this study, a multi-objective programming model was developed to supply the requirements of the environmental, industrial and agricultural sectors in Sefidroud basin. The objects of the model were the maximizing of the economic benefit efficiency for the development of improved water allocation strategies as well the maximizing of the water allocation equity (measured by using of the Gini coefficient). NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the developed multi-objective programming model. The best solution among pareto front was selected according to equilibrium viewpoint because of considering economic efficiency and social equity among stakeholders simultaneously. Additionally, two scenarios were defined in term of the rate of water loss and available water to assess the developed multi-objective programming model. The results showed that river basin authorities should decrease the rate of water loss and increase the available water to improve water allocation efficiency and equity. Additionally, the decrease in available water had highest impact on water allocation equity, but it had least impact on economic benefit efficiency. Furthermore, it should be considered for implementing water-saving policies according to critical conditions of water resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water allocation
  • Economic efficiency
  • Gini coefficient
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