بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر حساسیت نسبت به بحران آب در دهستان‌های حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه (مورد مطالعه: استان آذربایجان شرقی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی/ دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی/دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.

3 دانشیار/ گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه.

4 دانشیار/ گروه توریج و توسعه روستایی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر در راستای بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر حساسیت نسبت به بحران آب در دهستان‌های حوضه دریاچه ارومیه در استان آذربایجان شرقی صورت گرفت. جامعه مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش، کلیه دهستان‌های استان آذربایجان شرقی بود (68 دهستان) که داده‌های مورد نیاز جهت محاسبه حساسیت برای هریک از آن‌ها، در دو بخش اسنادی و میدانی جمع آوری شد وذ در نهایت، در رابطه حساسیت قرار داده شد تا میانگین حساسیت هر یک از آن‌ها به دست آید. بر اساس یافته‌های حاصل از پژوهش، 47/51 درصد از دهستان‌های حوضه دارای حساسیت بالا، 25 درصد از حساسیت متوسط و بقیه از حساسیت کمی در برابر این بحران برخوردار بودند (52/23 درصد). در ادامه نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه نشان داد، دهستان‌های مورد مطالعه از نظر متغیرهایی مانند: نرخ بیکاری، سطح سواد بهره بردار شاغل در بخش کشاورزی، قرار گرفتن در فاصله کمتر از دریاچه نسبت به سایر دهستان‌ها و تعداد چاه های غیر مجاز با یکدیگر تفاوت داشت و سبب افزایش حساسیت هریک از گروه‌های سه گانه شده بود. نتایج این مطالعه راهکارهایی را برای کارگروه ملی احیای دریاچه ارومیه به همراه داشته و بر اساس نتایج آن می‌توانند منابع مالی محدود را به دهستان‌های دارای حساسیت بیشتر تخصیص دهند تا از این طریق ار حساسیت آن‌ها کاسته شده و بر توان سازگاری آن‌ها افزوده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting Sensitivity to Water Crisis in Eastern Regions of Lake Urmia Basin (Case study: East Azerbaijan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Maleki 1
  • Hossein Kuhestani 2
  • Shapoor Zarifian 3
  • Kiumars Zarafshani 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor in Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor in Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran.
4 . Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Department, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was determine factors affecting the sensitivity of eastern regions of Lake Urmia basin to water crisis (68 regions). Required data were collected by using survey and documentary data and after a series of steps, sensitivity was calculated to obtain the average of that at each of the studied regions. Based on results, three classes of sensitivity were recognized: Low, moderate, and high. In the other words, 51.47% of the basin regions have a high sensitivity to the lake crisis and 23.52% are less sensitive to this crisis and the other regions have a moderate sensitivity to the Lake Urmia water crisis. Also, the results of one-way ANOVA analysis showed, studied regions have difference in the terms of variables such as: unemployment rate, farmer’s literacy level, less distance from the lake than other region and the number of illegal wells. The results of this study have implications for to national and regional Urmia Lake Restoration Program. The limited resources should focus on drought sensitive regions for increasing adaptive capacity and sustainable development building in the study regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • East Azerbaijan Province
  • Sensitivity to Water Crisis
  • Eastern Basin Regions
  • Lake Urmia
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