بررسی زمان ماندگاری آب‌های زیرزمینی (آبرفتی و کارستی) محدوده پل ذهاب با توجه به تغییرات زمانی و مکانی ترکیب ایزوتوپی (δ2H و δ18O ) نزولات جوی و آب‌های زیرزمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار / دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده علوم، مرکز تحقیقات آب‌های زیرزمینی و ژئوترمال (متآب)، مشهد، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد هیدروژئولوژی/ دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده علوم، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

دامنه تغییرات میانگین مقادیر ایزوتوپی آب‌های جوی محدوده پل‌ذهاب برای δ18O بین ‰ 9/2- و ‰ 6/6- و برای δ2H بین ‰ 4/14- و ‰ 6/31- به دست آمده است. خط ایزوتوپی آب جوی به دست آمده برای پل ذهاب (δ2H = 6.6*δ18O + 12.1) نشان دهنده دوتریوم مازاد1 بالا ‰) 1/12) بوده و مقادیر بالای دوتریوم مازاد آب باران در ایستگاه های هواشناسی سرپل ذهاب، قصر شیرین و کرند (بین ‰7/8 و ‰ 9/20) تاییدی بر تاثیر بخار آب اتمسفر با منشا مدیترانه‌ای باشد. ترکیب ایزوتوپی منابع آب زیرزمینی محدوده پل ذهاب نسبت به نمونه‌های آب باران دارای دامنه تغییرات کمتری بوده و مقادیر میانگین ترکیب ایزوتوپی منابع آب زیرزمینی (آبرفتی و کارستی) برای δ18O در گستره بین ‰ 3/5- و ‰ 8/6- و برای δ2H در محدوده بین ‰ 2/29- و ‰ 6/36- قرار می‌گیرد. به‌طور کلی ترکیب ایزوتوپی (δ2H وδ18O) آب‌های کارستی در محدوده پل ذهاب تغییرات فصلی اندکی دارد و نشان‌دهنده وجود زمان کافی برای اختلاط آب‌های نفوذی با آب‌های بخش اشباع و زمان ماندگاری بالای آب در سازند می باشد. کمترین تغییرات فصلی ترکیب ایزوتوپی در بزرگترین چشمه‌های کارستی منطقه از جمله سرآبگرم، سرآب قلعه‌شاهین، چشمه ریجاب و سراب قره‌بلاغ دیده می‌شود. به همین سبب آب این چشمه‌ها دارای بیشترین زماندگاری در سازند بوده و در نتیجه سن نسبی آب چشمه‌ بیشتر است. پیرامون سرآب کارستی ماراب، توسعه مجاری کارستی بیشتر و سرعت حرکت آب بیشتر و در نتیجه زمان ماندگاری و سن نسبی آب کمتر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of groundwater residence time (alluvial and karst) in Pol-e-Zahab study area due to the spatiotemporal varations of isotopic composition (δ2H , δ18O) of rainfall and groundwater

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Mohammadzadeh 1
  • Hamideh Amiri 2
1 Associate Professor, Groundwater and Geothermal Research Center (GRC), Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,
2 M.Sc. in Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this research, we obtained mean values of -2.9‰ to -6.6 ‰ for δ18O and -14.4 ‰ to -31.6‰ for δ2H for precipitations of Pol-e-Zahab area. The Pol-e-Zahab meteoric water line (δ2H = 6.6*δ18O + 12.1) represents high deuterium excess (12.1‰) and elevated values of d-excess of rainwaters from SarpoleZahab, Qasr-e Shirin and Kerend weather stations (between 8.7‰ and 20.9‰) confirms the impact of Mediterranean atmospheric water vapor. In Pole Zahab study area, the isotopic composition of the ground water resources has less variation than that of rainwaters. The mean values of the isotopic composition for the groundwater (alluvial and karst) ranges between -3.5 ‰ and -8.6 ‰ for δ18O and between -2.29 ‰ and -6.36 ‰ for δ2H. In general, karst water isotopic composition (δ18O and δ2H) in the study area has less seasonal variations, which indicates the existance of sufficient time for mixing of infiltrated water with water in saturated zone and in turn indicate high groundwater residence time in formation. The least isotopic seasonal variations were observed in largest karstic springs of the region, including Srabgrm, Ghaleshahin, Gharebolagh and Ryjab springs. Consequently, the water of these springs have the greatest residence time in formation and in turn high relative age of water. Around Marab karstic spring, development of karst channels and faster flowing of groundwater resulted in less residence time and low relative age of water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oxygen-18
  • Deuterium
  • Meteoric Water Line
  • Karst Springs
  • Residence time
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