ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداری ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ آب سطحی و زیرزمینی ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار دادن اﺛﺮات اﺟﺮای ﻃﺮح ﺟﻤﻊآوری ﻓﺎﺿﻼب (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردی دﺷﺖ تهران، ﮐﺮج و شهریار)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫـﺎی ﮐﺸـﺎورزی و ﺻـﻨﻌﺖ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ ﺗﻬـﺮان - ﮐـﺮج ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه و ﻧﺎﻫﻤﮕﻮﻧﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ و ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ را ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آورده اﺳﺖ و ﻧﯿـﺎز ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ آب در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ را ﺿﺮوری ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد. ﻫﺪف از مطالعه ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ و آﯾﻨﺪه، اثر تخصیص پساب فاضلاب بر تأمین نیازها و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮای ﮐﺎﻫﺶ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯽ‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ که اﯾـﻦ اﻫـﺪاف در ﻗﺎﻟـﺐ ﺳـﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎی 5 ﮔﺎﻧـﻪ ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‌اﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای شبیه‌سازی منابع آب زیرزمینی از ﻣﺪل MODFLOW و برای برنامه‌ریزی منابع آب از WEAP اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ اول ﺗأﻣﯿﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺷﺮب و ﺻﻨﻌﺖ است که در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻻی 99 درﺻﺪ ﺗأﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه‌اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ درﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﺟﺮای ﻃﺮح‌ﻫﺎی آﺗﯽ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎ، ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاری ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ در ﺳـﺎلﻫـﺎی آﺧـﺮ ﻣﺪل‌سازی کاهش می­‌یابد ﮐﻪ نشان‌­دهنده ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ اﺳﺖ. با توجه به نتایج، بدون تخصیص پساب، ﻧﯿﺎز ﮐﺸﺎورزی می­‌بایست ﺳـﺎﻻﻧﻪ 40 درﺻـﺪ ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﺑـﺪ تا درﺻﺪ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آن ﺑﻪ زﯾﺮ 10 درﺻﺪ رﺳـﺪ و در صورت ﺗﺨﺼـﯿﺺ ﭘﺴﺎب ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز ﮐﺸﺎورزی، ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ 30 درﺻﺪی نیز درﺻـﺪ ﺗـأﻣﯿﻦ اﯾـﻦ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺎﻻی 90 درﺻﺪ می‌رسد و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاری و آﺳﯿﺐ‌ﭘﺬﯾﺮی در وضعیت بهتری قرار می‌­گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Conjunctive Use of Surface- and Ground-water Considering the Effects of the Wastewater Collection Plan (Case Study: Tehran, Karaj and Shahryar Plains)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hatamkhani 1
  • Ali Moridi 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The increase in population and the expansion of agricultural and industrial water needs in Tehran-Karaj region has created a complex system of resources extraction and supply that necessitates the need to manage the water resources in this region. The purpose of this study is to analyze the water resources management in the current and future situations, the effect of wastewater allocation on supplying demands, and also to provide strategies for consumption reduction and management. These objectives are investigated in five different scenarios. For Groundwater simulation MODFLOW model is used and WEAP model is employed for water resources planning. In all scenarios, the first priority is given to the drinking and industrial demands which are supplied above 99% in all scenarios. The results showed that considering the implementation of future projects and increasing demands, the sustainability of resources was reduced in the last years of simulation which indicated a shortage of water resources against demands. According to the results, if no wastewater is allocated, the annual agricultural demand should be reduced by 40%, in order to keep the water shortage below 10%. If wastewater is allocated along with a 30% reduction in agricultural demand, the percentage of supply would exceed 90% and the water resources of the basin are in better condition in terms of sustainability and vulnerability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conjunctive use
  • Wastewater
  • WEAP
  • Vulnerability
  • Sustainability
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