بررسی کارایی روش‌های مختلف برآورد تبخیر با بهره‌گیری از داده های ماهواره ای در سطح آب شور (مطالعه موردی: دریاچه ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

تبخیر یکی از منابع مهم هدررفت آب از سطح پهنه‌های آبی است. روش‌های متعددی برای برآورد تبخیر ارائه شده است که بررسی کارایی آن‌ها در سطح آب شور از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. به همین دلیل، هدف این تحقیق، استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای در مدل‌های محاسبه تبخیر از سطح آب شور و ارزیابی روش‌های مختلف برآورد تبخیر (روش ترکیبی، دما مبنا، تابش‌­مبنا و بیلان انرژی) بود. در این راستا، با استفاده از تصاویر اسپکترورادیومتر تصویربردار با قدرت تفکیک متوسط (MODIS) و اندازه‌گیری‌های هواشناسی، تبخیر از دریاچه ارومیه با استفاده از روش‌های Makkink، FAO56-PM، Priestley-Taylor، Kimberly-Penman، Hargreaves-Samani و METRIC محاسبه و نقشه توزیع تبخیر در سطح دریاچه تولید شد. نتایج این تحقیق، نشان‌دهنده آن بود که تبخیر در سطح آب شور دریاچه توزیع یکسانی ندارد و ثابت گرفتن مقدار آلبیدو و تابش درون دریاچه باعث بروز خطا در محاسبه تبخیر از آب خواهد شد. همچنین، مشخص شد که روش‌های ترکیبی به دلیل درنظر گرفتن تمام پارامترهای مؤثر بر تبخیر، خطای کمتری داشته و نتایج قابل اعتمادتری را نسبت به دیگر روش‌ها ارائه می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Performance of Various Evaporation Estimation Method Using Satellite Images over Saline Water Body (Case study: Urmia Lake)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Ghahreman 1
  • Majid Rahimzadegan 2
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Water Resources Engineering and Management Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Water Resources Engineering and Management Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Evaporation is one of the main sources of water loss. Various methods were introduced to estimate evaporation and evaluating their performances in saline water bodies is of great significant. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to use the remote sensing images in evaporation estimation models applied to a saline water body and evaluate the results. Accordingly, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images and meteorological data, evaporation from the Urmia Lake was calculated by employing FAO56-PM, Priestley-Taylor, Kimberly-Penman, Hargreaves-Samani, and METRIC methods and the spatial distribution of evaporation was mapped. The result of this research showed that the evaporation is not evenly distributed over the selected saline water surface and considering a constant value of albedo for the whole surface would result in an error in the evaporation estimation. The obtained result indicated that combined methods give more reliable results compared to the other methods since they consider all effective parameters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Net Radiation
  • Potential Evaporation
  • Open Water Evaporation
  • Remote Sensing
  • Saline Water
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